The Transformation of Green Zones in Yerevan, Armenia: Domestication of Nature, Times of Ruination and the Idea of 'New Hanging Gardens'

IF 0.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Global Environment Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.3197/ge.2023.160205

Heiko Conrad, Susanne Fehlings

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The layout of the contemporary Armenian capital Yerevan is based on a 1924 master plan by the Soviet Armenian architect Alexander Tamanyan, who was inspired by the English concept of the 'garden city'. Still, the city has a much longer 'green tradition' that is documented for pre-Soviet times and might reach back to - or at least allude to - the parks and gardens of ancient Mesopotamia. In this article, we give insights into this local green tradition. First, we describe the changing attitude towards the city and urban green space and the city's and city dwellers' changing relationship to nature more generally. We then introduce the Cascade, a Soviet fountain structure, as an example to illustrate some of the recent developments and to map out the tangible and intangible links with the ancient past. Finally, building on our interpretation of the ancient and recent past of Yerevan, we make some suggestions for how to (re)turn the Cascade into a green project that is both traditional and at the same time modern.

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亚美尼亚埃里温绿地的改造:自然的驯化、毁灭的时代与“新空中花园”的理念

当代亚美尼亚首都埃里温的布局是基于1924年苏联亚美尼亚建筑师Alexander Tamanyan的总体规划，他的灵感来自英国“花园城市”的概念。尽管如此，这座城市有着更悠久的“绿色传统”，有文献记载可以追溯到前苏联时代，可能可以追溯到——或者至少是暗指——古代美索不达米亚的公园和花园。在这篇文章中，我们将深入了解当地的绿色传统。首先，我们更广泛地描述了对城市和城市绿地态度的变化，以及城市和城市居民与自然关系的变化。然后，我们将介绍喀斯喀特，一个苏联喷泉结构，作为一个例子来说明一些最近的发展，并绘制出与古代过去的有形和无形的联系。最后，基于我们对埃里温古代和近代历史的解读，我们对如何将瀑布变成一个既传统又现代的绿色项目提出了一些建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Global Environment ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The half-yearly journal Global Environment: A Journal of History and Natural and Social Sciences acts as a forum and echo chamber for ongoing studies on the environment and world history, with special focus on modern and contemporary topics. Our intent is to gather and stimulate scholarship that, despite a diversity of approaches and themes, shares an environmental perspective on world history in its various facets, including economic development, social relations, production government, and international relations. One of the journal’s main commitments is to bring together different areas of expertise in both the natural and the social sciences to facilitate a common language and a common perspective in the study of history. This commitment is fulfilled by way of peer-reviewed research articles and also by interviews and other special features. Global Environment strives to transcend the western-centric and ‘developist’ bias that has dominated international environmental historiography so far and to favour the emergence of spatially and culturally diversified points of view. It seeks to replace the notion of ‘hierarchy’ with those of ‘relationship’ and ‘exchange’ – between continents, states, regions, cities, central zones and peripheral areas – in studying the construction or destruction of environments and ecosystems.