Leiomyosarcoma of Stomach

Abstract

1. Abstract Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor that forms from smooth muscle tissue. The average age of the disease is 40 to 60 years. The tumor is characterized by rapid progressive growth with a high degree of malignancy, while it often recurs and at the early stages it metastases to other organs. Of the sarcomas in the stomach, the most common is leiomyosarcoma, which accounts for 1-3% of all stomach tumors. The tumor rarely grows into neighboring organs and tissues; it does not metastasize to the lymph nodes, but it does metastasize to the liver and lungs. Most of the cases described as leiomyosarcomas were actually gastrointestinal stromal tumors and therefore only 13 cases of true gastric leiomyosarcomas have been published in the English-language literature since the 2000s. In this article, we presented our first event on the diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma. 2. Introduction Due to a small percentage of these tumors, there is still no standard treatment protocol for these patients, but standard gastric resection is used. The main method in the chain of diagnostic measures is morphological (histological and immunohistochemical) examination of the material after a tumor biopsy [1]. All leiomyosarcomas can be divided into the following morphological variants: spindle cell (traditional), pleomorphic, epithelioid, myxoid, and inflammatory [2]. Histological examination of the tumor, currently, in the vast majority of cases, does not allow the pathologist establish an accurate morphological diagnosis. Currently, immunohistochemical treatment is widely used all over the world. 5 research using mono and polyclonal antibodies [3]. With the advent of immunohistochemistry and its increasing availability for the diagnosis of stromal tumors, the frequency of leiomyosarcomas has significantly decreased. Currently, gastric leiomyosarcoma is an exceptionally rare tumor. We report the first case in the kazakh endoscopy society and kazakh oncology of gastric leiomyosarcoma revealed with metastatic disease of brain and lung. 3. Case Report Patient S. 68 years old, was admitted to the paid department for further examination with a diagnosis: MTS of both lungs without a primary lesion. Volume formation of the left parietal-occipital region. Convexital meningioma? Chronic calculous cholecystitis. Bronchial asthma, persistent course, moderate severity. Bronchiectasis. Arterial hypertension 3 St, risk 3. It is aimed at endoscopic check-up to identify the primary focus (bronchoscopy, gastroscopy, colonoscopy). During gastroscopy – at the level of the middle part of the stomach body in the area of large curvature, an oval-shaped formation was revealed, raised with a depression and ulcerative deformity in the center, at the bottom of the detritus is white, measuring 1.8 X1,2x0.5 cm, on the surface and along the edges of the vascular pattern is uneven, bizarre, there are avascular areas, the surface pattern is structureless, during biopsy the tissue is stony consis-