Estimation of Genetic Diversity by Principal Component Analysis of Yield Attributing Traits in Katarni Derived Lines

Abstract

Katarni is a non-basmati traditional aromatic rice cultivar being grown in the Bhagalpur, Banka, and Munger districts of Bihar. However, it is weak-strawed, tall, prone to lodging, and late maturing. Attempt was made to develop a semi-dwarf and early maturing lines of Katarni by crossing with three semi-dwarf high-yielding cultivars and was advanced to F5 generation. In this study, 54 derived lines of Katarni were studied on the basis of 14 morphological traits. Five principal components (PCs) were observed which contributed 70% of cumulative variability and exhibited Eigenvalues> 1. The first PC (23.31%) and the second PC (35.59%) showed a cumulative variation of 63.90%. On the basis of genotype by trait biplot analysis, flag leaf length, plant height, and fragrance were found to be strongly positive. Genotypes biplot study revealed diverse genotypes like KIR-46 KIR-48, KRS-39, KRS-43, KRS-15, KRS-19, KRS-8, KRS-25, and KMTU-52 which can be further exploited for varietal development.