Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite and Hydroxyapatite Combined with Platelet-Rich Plasma Graft in Treatment of Intrabony Periodontal Defect - A Comparative Study.

Abstract

Introduction: periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific micro-organisms or a group of specific micro-organisms, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both. Aim of the study: The present study aimed to assess the effect of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite combined with platelet-rich plasma graft in treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Subjects and Methods: 24 periodontitis patients with intra-bony periodontal defects participated in this clinical trial and treated with full thickness mucoperiosteal flap surgical technique and Hydroxyapatite bone graft (goup I) or full thickness mucoperiosteal flap surgical technique and Hydroxyapatite bone graft combined with platelet-rich plasma graft (group II ). Clinical outcomes included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Bone defect area was measured by digital periapical radiographs and bone density was calculated by Digora program. Measurements at baseline, 3-months and 6-months postoperatively were subjected to statistical analysis. Results : Both of hydroxyapatite bone graft (HA group) and hydroxyapatite bone graft with platelet-rich plasma (HA+ PRP group) resulted in statistically significant improvement in all clinical and radiographic parameters from baseline to 3-months and 6-months. But no significant difference was observed between both groups. After 3-months, HA group showed 5.05±.37 PD reduction and 6.65±1.11 CAL gain, while HA+PRP group showed 4.95±.96 PD reduction and 6.30±0.86 CAL gain. After 6-months HA group showed 3.50±.62 PD reduction and 4.60±1.17 CAL gain, while HA+PRP group showed 3.35±.67 PD reduction and 4.70±0.67 CAL gain. Conclusion : Both hydroxyapatite bone graft group and hydroxyapatite bone graft combined with platelet-rich plasma group showed significant reduction in clinical and radiographic outcomes after 6 months with no statistically significant difference between them . Both treatment modalities are successful procedures for treating intrabony defects