El poblamiento andalusí en las tierras de secano: el área sudoriental de La Mancha (ss. XI-XIII)

IF 0.4 4区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY
Pedro Jiménez Castillo, J. García
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Since the 1980s, there has been a significant increase in the number of studies concerning Andalusian rural settlements linked to irrigated agriculture, both related to large suburban green belts and to small hydraulic systems. In the vast areas where water is scarce, the settlement apparently would have been concentrated in cities and fortified towns (ḥuṣūn), leaving without population most of the dry lands between them. However, thanks to the intensive survey of one of these regions, La Mancha’s Southeastern area, we are recording a dense rural settlement corresponding to a pattern unknown until now. It consists basically of small villages (qurā) in plain, devoid of community defense elements, which must have been inhabited by humble peasants, judging by the modesty of the architecture and domestic goods. Surely they make use of the scanty natural resources, which have traditionally oriented the economy of the region towards livestock and rainfed agriculture. In particular, the studied settlement would be related to the demand of wool for the export oriented textile production of the region, within the framework of the commercial expansion of that period. Apparently, most of those villages could have appeared in the eleventh century, disappearing in the middle of the thirteenth century because of the Christian conquest. Their existence would be associated with a general context of population growth that pushed the competition between urban elites and peasants pursuing the privileged agricultural areas, as well as the colonization of less favorable production areas.
自1980年代以来,关于与灌溉农业有关的安达卢西亚农村住区的研究数量显著增加,这些研究既涉及大型郊区绿带,也涉及小型水力系统。在水资源匮乏的广大地区,定居点显然会集中在城市和设防的城镇(ḥuṣūn),而在城市和设防城镇之间的大部分旱地则没有人口。然而,由于对其中一个地区,拉曼查东南部地区的深入调查,我们正在记录一个密集的农村定居点,对应于一种迄今为止未知的模式。它基本上由平原上的小村庄(qurā)组成,没有社区防御元素,从建筑和国内商品的朴素来看,这些村庄一定是由卑微的农民居住的。当然,他们利用了稀少的自然资源,这些资源传统上使该地区的经济转向畜牧业和雨养农业。具体而言,所研究的解决办法将在该时期商业扩张的框架内与该区域面向出口的纺织品生产对羊毛的需求有关。显然,这些村庄中的大多数可能出现在11世纪,在13世纪中叶因为基督教的征服而消失。他们的存在与人口增长的大背景有关,人口增长推动了城市精英和追求特权农业区的农民之间的竞争,以及对不太有利的生产区的殖民化。
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来源期刊
AL-QANTARA
AL-QANTARA Multiple-
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
48 weeks
期刊介绍: Al-Qanṭara inició su publicación en 1980, como continuación de Al-Andalus (1933-1978). Al-Qanṭara está dedicada a la civilización del Islam clásico (hasta el siglo XVII incluido) con especial atención al Occidente islámico. Se publica en forma de dos fascículos anuales de unas 250 páginas cada uno. Una sección monográfica aparece en el segundo fascículo de cada año. La revista sólo solicita contribuciones para las secciones monográficas.
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