Clinical Approaches in Prostate Cancer Therapies

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the most frequent tumor found in men worldwide and in Brazil and represents their secondleading cause of cancer-related death. Metastatic disease is largely resistant to conventional chemotherapies, and targeted therapies are urgently needed. The PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) blood test has been used in various stages of prostate cancer management, including screening and the assessment of future risk of prostate cancer development, detection of recurrent disease after local therapy and in the management of advanced disease. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) is a prototypical cell-surface marker of prostate cancer. PSMA is expressed in the neo-vascular of other solid tumours. This work aims to reach the publications of therapies utilized to treat prostatic cancer, mainly the physiotherapy, used to facilitate the life of patients with this disease. PubMed and World-Wide Science databases were used to screening about prostatic cancer therapies and biomarkers. The results showed that cryo-therapy and pelvic floor exercises were useful by physiotherapy to treat prostatic cancer. Chemotherapy showed to be the better treatment for this type of cancer. Though PSMA is a biomarker used in researches in the last 20 years, the PSA levels is still the best biomarker dosed in our days.