TO INDUSTRIAL SAFETY OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE OIL TREATMENT UNITS

Elvina I. Gallyamova, R.Kh. Idrisov, N. Abdrakhmanov
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Abstract

The oil of some fields is characterized by a high content of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans significantly reducing the commercial product quality, besides, due to their high corrosion activity, contribute to emergencies. The oil refining method used at these fields, due to necessity of acid-base effluents neutralizing and the ingress of reaction products into commercial oil, requires adjustment. The article discusses the known physical and chemical methods of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans removal from oil indicating their advantages and disadvantages. Among the first ones are technologies based on the extraction of undesirable components due to oil separation, rectification or blowing-off. Chemical methods of hydrogen sulfide extraction from well products are based on its extraction with solutions of chemical reagents – hydrogen sulfide absorbers. The most promising among the considered technologies, in our opinion, is the method based on oil blowing-off with hydrocarbon gas. In this technology, the oil extraction from hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans is carried out by passing associated petroleum gas previously purified from hydrogen sulfide through the volume of oil in a column-type apparatus. One of the main advantages of the chosen method is the possibility of associated petroleum gas purification, which also guarantees a reduction in the probability of emergencies, since gas purified from hydrogen sulfide moves through gas pipelines.
对硫化氢油处理单位的工业安全
一些油田的石油硫化氢和硫醇含量高,严重降低了商业产品的质量,此外,由于它们的高腐蚀活性,导致紧急情况。这些油田采用的炼油方法,由于酸碱废水中和的需要和反应产物进入商品油的需要,需要调整。本文讨论了目前已知的脱除石油硫化氢和硫醇的物理和化学方法,指出了它们的优缺点。首先是基于提取由于油分离、精馏或吹脱而产生的不良成分的技术。从油井产品中提取硫化氢的化学方法是用化学试剂-硫化氢吸收剂溶液提取硫化氢。在我们所考虑的技术中,我们认为最有前途的是基于烃类气体的喷油方法。在该技术中,从硫化氢和硫醇中提取石油是通过将先前从硫化氢中纯化的伴生石油气体通过柱式装置中的油体积来进行的。所选方法的主要优点之一是伴生石油气体净化的可能性,这也保证减少紧急情况的可能性,因为从硫化氢净化的气体通过天然气管道移动。
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