Food, Health and Welfare in the Long Twentieth Century: Introduction

IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
David T. Ballantyne
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Spanning from the  s to the  s, this special issue presents six essays addressing complementary topics relating to food, health and welfare during the Progressive Era, the New Deal, and the late twentieth century, three key periods of transition in American welfare provision. It grew out of the  Historians of the Twentieth Century United States Winter Symposium, which received generous support from the British Association for American Studies, the David Bruce Centre for American Studies, and the Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences at Keele University. Featuring contributions from scholars from the UK, the US, and continental Europe at various career stages, these essays highlight key continuities in the ways that race, gender, and – more implicitly – wealth shaped understandings of health, deserving-ness, and an individual ’ s capacity for self-government. First, by scrutinizing the emergence of calorie counting during the Progressive Era, Nina Mackert details how health, now fi gured in terms of weight and body shape, became adopted as key markers of Americans ’ ability to govern themselves, and consequently their suitability for exercising citizenship. In doing so, she historicizes norms of ability. This focus on healthy bodies was predominantly promoted by middle-class white men (and, to a lesser extent, women), and provided further rationale for excluding racial others, women, immigrants, the poor, and the disabled. But this understanding of health also held some emancipatory potential: despite being restricted to the able-bodied and those with the wealth and education to pursue such dieting advice, advocates of African American uplift embraced a close attention to diet to refute health-based rationales for supposed black inferiority. Next, with particular attention to the ways in which food served as a tool for organizing social movements, Alice Béja analyzes meat boycotts that spread across American cities in early  , pushed by workers to protest the high price of the commodity. The response of socialists and
《漫长二十世纪的食物、健康和福利:导言》
从年代到年代,本期特刊介绍了六篇文章,讨论了进步时代、新政和二十世纪后期美国福利提供转型的三个关键时期,与食品、健康和福利相关的互补主题。它起源于二十世纪美国历史学家冬季研讨会,该研讨会得到了英国美国研究协会、大卫·布鲁斯美国研究中心和基尔大学文科与科学研究所的慷慨支持。这些文章以来自英国、美国和欧洲大陆不同职业阶段的学者的贡献为特色,突出了种族、性别和(更含蓄的)财富塑造对健康、价值和个人自治能力的理解的关键连续性。首先,通过仔细研究进步时代卡路里计数的出现,尼娜·马克特(Nina Mackert)详细介绍了现在以体重和体型来衡量的健康状况,是如何成为美国人自我管理能力的关键标志,从而成为他们是否适合行使公民身份的关键标志。在这样做的过程中,她将能力规范历史化了。这种对健康身体的关注主要是由中产阶级白人男性(以及较小程度上的女性)推动的,并为排除其他种族、妇女、移民、穷人和残疾人提供了进一步的理由。但这种对健康的理解也具有一些解放的潜力:尽管这种理解仅限于身体健全的人,以及那些有财富和受过教育的人,以追求这种节食建议,但提倡非裔美国人提升的人对饮食有着密切的关注,以驳斥所谓黑人自卑的基于健康的理由。接下来,特别关注食品作为组织社会运动的工具的方式,Alice b分析了早期在美国城市蔓延的肉类抵制,由工人推动,以抗议商品的高价格。社会主义者的反应是
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来源期刊
Journal of American Studies
Journal of American Studies HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: Journal of American Studies seeks to critique and interrogate the notion of "America", pursuing this through international perspectives on the history, literature, politics and culture of the United States. The Journal publishes original peer-reviewed research and analysis by established and emerging scholars throughout the world, considering US history, politics, literature, institutions, economics, film, popular culture, geography, sociology and related subjects in domestic, continental, hemispheric, and global contexts. Its expanded book review section offers in-depth analysis of recent American Studies scholarship to promote further discussion and debate.
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