Development of a microcontroller based automatic night lightning system using motion detector

Abstract

A motion sensor is a device that detects moving objects particularly people. It is often integrated as components of systems that automatically performs a task or alert a user of motion in an area).1 The use of motion detectors goes back to ancient societies that developed agriculture. Modern motion detection of people and things can be traced back to the early decades of 20th century with many of the same principle still in use today. The first motion detection system used ‘radar’ as sensor and its technology was sufficiently advancing. The ubiquitous use of radar would lead to other uses for motion detectors after the war.2 Other motion detector that was developed includes a detector that made use of Doppler Effect principle with the use of ultrasonic as sensor developed by Samuel Bagno. Today’s motion sensor work on the same basic principle that Samuel Bagno detector employed but used microwave and infrared sensors which detects motion by distortion in the frequencies they emit. There are two types of motion sensors namely Passive and Active sensors. Each of these types uses different technology to detect motion in the designated area. While Passive sensor does not emit energy, but read change in energy in the surrounding area, active sensor on the other hand emit one of three kinds of energy to identify motion in the surrounding area, infrared light, microwave radiation or sound waves.