{"title":"Strategies for minimal residual disease detection: current perspectives","authors":"G. Andreani, D. Cilloni","doi":"10.2147/BLCTT.S172693","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Currently, the post-remission treatment in acute leukemia is based on the genetic profile of leukemic cells at diagnosis (ie, FLT3 ITD positivity) and on the level of measurable residual disease (MRD) after induction and consolidation chemotherapy. Two methods are currently preferred for MRD evaluation in many centers: multiparameter flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR. Additional methods such as next-generation sequencing and digital PCR are under investigation, in an attempt to increase the sensitivity and thus allowing the detection of small clones. Many studies suggest that MRD positivity after chemotherapy is associated with negative prognosis, and the reappearance of MRD during follow-up allows impending relapse to be identified and consequently enables early intervention. Finally, MRD positivity before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is predictive of the outcome. Although the significance of MRD in acute leukemia has been widely explored, the assessment of molecular MRD is not yet a routine practice. In this review, we describe the significance of MRD in different settings and the main markers and methods used for MRD detection.","PeriodicalId":42368,"journal":{"name":"Blood and Lymphatic Cancer-Targets and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Blood and Lymphatic Cancer-Targets and Therapy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BLCTT.S172693","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Abstract
Abstract Currently, the post-remission treatment in acute leukemia is based on the genetic profile of leukemic cells at diagnosis (ie, FLT3 ITD positivity) and on the level of measurable residual disease (MRD) after induction and consolidation chemotherapy. Two methods are currently preferred for MRD evaluation in many centers: multiparameter flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR. Additional methods such as next-generation sequencing and digital PCR are under investigation, in an attempt to increase the sensitivity and thus allowing the detection of small clones. Many studies suggest that MRD positivity after chemotherapy is associated with negative prognosis, and the reappearance of MRD during follow-up allows impending relapse to be identified and consequently enables early intervention. Finally, MRD positivity before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is predictive of the outcome. Although the significance of MRD in acute leukemia has been widely explored, the assessment of molecular MRD is not yet a routine practice. In this review, we describe the significance of MRD in different settings and the main markers and methods used for MRD detection.
期刊介绍:
Blood and Lymphatic Cancer: Targets and Therapy is an international, peer reviewed, open access journal focusing on blood and lymphatic cancer research, identification of therapeutic targets, and the optimal use of preventative and integrated treatment interventions to achieve improved outcomes, enhanced survival, and quality of life for the cancer patient. Specific topics covered in the journal include: Epidemiology, detection and screening Cellular research and biomarkers Identification of biotargets and agents with novel mechanisms of action Optimal clinical use of existing anticancer agents, including combination therapies Radiation, surgery, bone marrow transplantation Palliative care Patient adherence, quality of life, satisfaction Health economic evaluations.