Enhanced morphologic traits and medicinal constituents of octaploids in Satureja mutica, a high-yielding medicinal savory

IF 2.1 4区生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Caryologia Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI:10.36253/caryologia-1264

A. Shariat, Fatemeh Sefidkonb

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Abstract

Satureja mutica is a tetraploid and perennial semi-bushy plant cultivated for different medicinal purposes. To induce polyploidy, two-leafed seedlings were exposed to different concentrations (0.00, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 % w/v) and durations (6, 12, and 24 h) of colchicine. The seedlings were then transferred to a culture medium for recovery and propagation. After clones were prepared from each seedling, octaploid clones were identified using flow cytometry. Chromosome counting was also used to confirm flow cytometric results in tetraploid (2n = 4x = 60; 2C DNA= 1.90 ± 0.01 pg) and octaploid (2n = 8x = 120; 2C DNA= 3.82 ± 02 pg) plants. The highest polyploidy induction efficiency with 32% was related to 0.05 % colchicine and 12 h duration. The results showed that the phenotypic traits of anatomical (stomata size, leaf guard cell size), morphological (stem diameter, length, width, and leaf area), physiological (soluble sugars, phenols, and flavonoids), and phytochemical (essential oil yield, P-cymene, γ-Terpinene, α-Thujene, and α-Pinene) properties significantly increased in octaploid plants, while the density of leaf stomata decreased compared to tetraploid plants. Our results verified that octaploid induction in Satureja mutica is an effective breeding method, remarkably increasing the quantitative and qualitative characteristics, which could be used as a new genetic resource in future breeding programs.

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高产药用香料木香八倍体的形态特征和药用成分

木杉是一种四倍体多年生半灌丛植物，具有多种药用价值。为了诱导多倍体，将两叶幼苗暴露于不同浓度(0.00、0.05、0.1和0.2% w/v)和持续时间(6、12和24 h)的秋水仙碱中。然后将幼苗转移到培养基中进行恢复和繁殖。从每个幼苗中制备克隆后，用流式细胞术鉴定八倍体克隆。染色体计数也用于确认四倍体的流式细胞术结果(2n = 4x = 60;2C DNA= 1.90±0.01 pg)和八倍体(2n = 8x = 120;2C DNA= 3.82±02 pg)植物。秋水仙碱浓度为0.05%，处理时间为12 h，多倍体诱导效率最高，为32%。结果表明，与四倍体植物相比，八倍体植物的解剖性状(气孔大小、叶保卫细胞大小)、形态性状(茎粗、长度、宽度和叶面积)、生理性状(可溶性糖、酚类和类黄酮)和植物化学性状(挥发油产量、对伞花素、γ-萜烯、α-图烯和α-蒎烯)显著增加，而叶片气孔密度显著降低。结果表明，八倍体诱导是一种有效的选育方法，能显著提高木柳的数量和质量特征，可作为一种新的遗传资源用于今后的育种。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Caryologia 生物-遗传学

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

23.80%

发文量

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Caryologia is devoted to the publication of original papers, and occasionally of reviews, about plant, animal and human karyological, cytological, cytogenetic, embryological and ultrastructural studies. Articles about the structure, the organization and the biological events relating to DNA and chromatin organization in eukaryotic cells are considered. Caryologia has a strong tradition in plant and animal cytosystematics and in cytotoxicology. Bioinformatics articles may be considered, but only if they have an emphasis on the relationship between the nucleus and cytoplasm and/or the structural organization of the eukaryotic cell.