Examining the Prevalence of Iron-deficiency Anemia in Children with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Admitted to the Pediatric Heart Department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad between 2011 and 2019: A Cross-sectional Observational Study

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Abstract

Introduction: This study was performed to investigate the frequency of iron-deficiency anemia and some related factors in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease between 2011 and 2019 in Mashhad City, Iran. Method: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a consensus method on children under 14 years of age. The samples were diagnosed with cyanotic congenital heart disease in the pediatric heart department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad and had an oxygen saturation of less than 94%. The information from the patients' files was recorded in the questionnaire. The studied children were divided into five age groups to evaluate iron-deficiency anemia. The mean and lower limit of normal erythrocyte indices were determined, and the patients with anemia were identified based on mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW). The data were statistically analyzed in SPSS23 software using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney statistical tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: Among 250 examined patients, 90 cases were included in the study (54 boys and 36 girls). Angiography was the reason for half of these patients' referral to the hospital. The highest frequency was related to patients with tetralogy of Fallot (40%). The frequency rates of iron-deficiency anemia based on MCV and MCH erythrocyte indices were 10% and 17.8%, respectively. Moreover, 64.4% of patients had increased RDW levels. Cyanosis attacks were reported positive in 85.4% of the studied population. Of note, the frequency of cyanosis attacks was not significantly different in the two gender groups (P<0.494). Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia, especially in children with congenital heart disease, the treatment of this disorder is necessary for all such children and should not be neglected
2011年至2019年期间,马什哈德伊玛目礼萨医院儿科心脏科收治的紫绀型先天性心脏病儿童缺铁性贫血的患病率:一项横断面观察研究
前言:本研究旨在调查2011 - 2019年伊朗马什哈德市紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿缺铁性贫血的发生率及相关因素。方法:采用共识方法对14岁以下儿童进行横断面观察性研究。这些样本在马什哈德伊玛目礼萨医院儿科心脏病科被诊断为紫绀型先天性心脏病,血氧饱和度低于94%。患者档案中的信息被记录在问卷中。被研究的儿童被分为五个年龄组来评估缺铁性贫血。测定正常红细胞指标的平均值和下限,根据平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)和红细胞分布宽度(RDW)判断贫血患者。数据在SPSS23软件中进行统计学分析,采用卡方检验和Mann-Whitney统计检验。认为显著性水平为0.05。结果:250例患者中,90例纳入研究(男54例,女36例)。血管造影是半数患者转诊到医院的原因。法洛四联症患者发生率最高(40%)。基于MCV和MCH红细胞指标的缺铁性贫血发生率分别为10%和17.8%。此外,64.4%的患者RDW水平升高。85.4%的研究人群报告发绀发作呈阳性。值得注意的是,两性别组的发绀发作频率无显著差异(P<0.494)。结论:考虑到缺铁性贫血的高患病率,特别是在患有先天性心脏病的儿童中,对这种疾病的治疗是必要的,不应忽视
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