Combined effects of vitamin B12 and fumarate on rumen propionate production and methanogenesis in dairy cow in vitro

Zihao Liu, Kun Wang, Yiguang Zhao, Xuemei Nan, Liang Yang, Mengting Zhou, Xiangfang Tang, Benhai Xiong
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Abstract

This study explored the combined effects of vitamin B12 and fumarate supplementation on methane (CH4) emission and propionate synthesis in dairy cows through simulated rumen fermentation in vitro. The experimental animals were 3 cows with an average milk yield of 23 ± 2.8 kg/d, a body weight of 618 ± 100 kg, and a parity of 3 ± 1 that were selected as rumen fluid donors. The TMR diet fed to cows is a fermentation substrate. Experiments adopted 2 × 2 factorial design, including control group, vitamin group (1 mg/g DM vitamin B12), fumarate group (100 mg/g DM), and combined addition group (1 mg/g DM vitamin B12 and 100 mg/g DM). All treatments had no effect on the dry matter degradation (DMD). Both vitamin B12 and fumarate reduced CH4 emission, increased the propionate concentration, and reduced the acetate/propionate ratio without any observed interaction. Vitamin B12 made Prevotella and Prevotellaceae_ UCG-003 increase in quantity, and fumarate increased the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Selenomonas, both of which are propionate-producing bacteria. At the species level, the supplementation of vitamin B12 and fumarate slightly changed the abundance of some strains, but it was not statistically significant. Shifts in the abundance of propionate-producing bacteria and methanogenic archaea species suggest an increase in propionate production and a decrease in CH4 emission. In conclusion, the addition of vitamin B12 and fumarate changed the fermentation mode of the rumen and reduced the emission of CH4 by affecting the structure of the rumen microbial community, but no obvious interaction was found between the two.

Abstract Image

维生素B12和富马酸对奶牛体外瘤胃丙酸产量和甲烷生成的联合影响
本研究通过体外模拟瘤胃发酵试验,探讨维生素B12和富马酸对奶牛甲烷(CH4)排放和丙酸合成的联合影响。选取3头平均产奶量为23±2.8 kg/d、体重为618±100 kg、胎次为3±1次的奶牛作为瘤胃液供体。饲喂奶牛的TMR日粮是发酵底物。试验采用2 × 2因子设计,包括对照组、维生素组(1 mg/g DM维生素B12)、富马酸组(100 mg/g DM)和联合添加组(1 mg/g DM维生素B12和100 mg/g DM)。各处理对干物质降解(DMD)无显著影响。维生素B12和富马酸均能减少CH4排放,增加丙酸浓度,降低乙酸/丙酸比,但未观察到任何相互作用。维生素B12增加了产丙酸菌普雷沃菌和普雷沃菌UCG‐003的数量,富马酸盐增加了产丙酸菌琥珀弧菌UCG‐002和硒单胞菌的丰度。在菌种水平上,补充维生素B12和富马酸对部分菌株的丰度有轻微影响,但差异无统计学意义。产丙酸细菌和产甲烷古生菌丰度的变化表明丙酸产量增加,CH4排放量减少。综上所述,维生素B12和富马酸的添加通过影响瘤胃微生物群落结构改变了瘤胃发酵方式,减少了CH4的排放,但两者之间没有明显的相互作用。
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