The Technological Enhancement of Normally Occurring Radioactive Materials in Red Mud Due to the Production of Alumina

M. Miller, D. Miller
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

This study investigates the level of technological enhancement of normally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) in the red mud waste due to the production of alumina in Jamaica. Technological enhancements factors (TEF) were determined for the uranium, thorium, actinium series, their progenies, and the nonseries potassium-40 using gamma spectrometry. The study concluded that bauxite production technologically enhances the uranium progenies Th-234, Pb-214, Bi-214, and Pa-234 and the thorium-232 progenies Ac-228, Pb-212, and Bi-212 in red mud. The actinium series was technologically enhanced, but K-40 and the thorium daughter, Tl-208, were reduced. The spectrometric comparison of Tl-208 (at 510 keV) was unexpected since its other photopeaks at 583 keV, 934 keV, and 968 keV were markedly different. An explanation for this anomaly is discussed. An explanation regarding the process of accumulation and fractionation of organically derived phosphate deposits and potassium-feldspar is offered to explain the spectrometric differences between the alumina product and its waste material, red mud.
氧化铝生产赤泥中正常放射性物质的工艺强化
本研究调查了牙买加因生产氧化铝而产生的赤泥废物中正常发生的放射性物质(TENORM)的技术增强水平。用伽马能谱法测定了铀、钍、锕系及其子代和非系钾-40的技术增强因子(TEF)。研究得出结论,铝土矿的生产技术提高了赤泥中的铀子体Th-234、Pb-214、Bi-214和Pa-234以及钍子体Ac-228、Pb-212和Bi-212。锕系列在技术上得到了加强,但K-40和钍子,Tl-208,减少了。Tl-208 (510 keV)的光谱比较是出乎意料的,因为它在583 keV, 934 keV和968 keV的其他光峰明显不同。讨论了这种异常的解释。对有机衍生磷矿和钾长石的富集和分馏过程进行了解释,以解释氧化铝产品与其废料赤泥之间的光谱差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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