Realizing Perovskite Solar Cells on Roll Roll-to-Roll Compatible Processes

Abstract

The promising growth of Organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) efficiency and durability has led to development and research towards commercialization through high throughput automated manufacturing of these photovoltaic (PV) devices. Rapid thermal annealing of the deposited metal oxide layers and the photoactive layer, along with the use of additives, can potentially diminish device fabrication time and enhance device performance through improved thin film characteristics. Applying millisecond pulses of energetic light can form high-quality morphology for the transparent conductive oxide electron transport layer as well as the perovskite absorber film. It was observed that the addition of an alkyl halide, such as diiodo methane (CH2I2), to the perovskite photoactive layer could considerably improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the cells through stitching the grain boundaries that act as charge recombination centers. This manuscript spans the material characterization results of the CH2I2 assisted mixed cation perovskite films through Scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well as X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) techniques. It was observed that the synergy of millisecond pulsed annealing and CH2I2 additive could enhance the PSCs photovoltaic parameters, resulting in an in crease from 6.45 % for the pristine devices to 11.34 % efficiency for the mixed cation PSC with photonic pulsed annealing when processed in the ambient with humidity of about 60%. This manuscript highlights the significance of intense pulsed light on rapid annealing of electron transport thin films as well as the impact of released halide from the alky halide to boost the quality of absorber films, which can be a potential candidate for high throughput automated fabrication of PSC PSCs.