Fonctions motrices

Abstract

This chapter describes all bodies, networks and pathways that participate in the control and regulation of movement and/ or locomotion. Among them, the important bodies with motor competence such as the cortex, the extra-pyramidal system, the cerebellum and the spinal cord. To distinguish central motricity from peripheral motricity, the physiology of the neuromuscular system is described. In terms of hodological structures and organization, a dynamic view of both the unitary neuronal physiology and cortical-sub-cortical networks is presented, following an ascending Jacksonian order from the spinal cord to the cortex. Emphasis is put on salient points such as locomotion generators at the spinal level, kinaesthesia, coding of messages with motor competence in primary cortical fields (motor and somaesthesic cortex) and in associative cortical fields (pre-motor cortex and supplementary motor area, pre-frontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex), role of the networks originating from central grey nuclei on the movement control, role of the cerebellum network on motor initiation.