The pro-oxidant effect of dextran sodium sulphate on oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes in Drososphila melanogaster

Abstract

This study sought to evaluate the behavioural and biochemical effects of Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS) on the oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes. Drosophila melanogaster (both sexes) of 3 days old were exposed to various DSS incorporated diets at concentrations, 0.5 - 3.0% for a period of 14 days (Survival rate). The second phase comprised of 3 groups; Group I- Control (normal diet), Group II-0.5% DSS, and Group III – 1.0% DSS and fed for 5 days. Climbing activity and biochemical assays were then determined. The survival rates of the flies with concentrations above 1.0% were highly reduced. The induced oxidative stress caused by DSS showed an impaired climbing activity, a significant (p<0.05) increase in the catalase enzymatic activity and malondialdehyde content in both Groups II and III in relation to the flies in Group I (control). Also there was significant (p<0.05) inhibition of GST activity and reduction of total thiol contents in group III in comparison to the control. In conclusion, the DSS dose- dependent toxicity effect was revealed by the increase in the malondialdehyde contents and catalase enzymatic activity.   Key words: Drosophila melanogaster, oxidative stress, pro-oxidant, antioxidant enzymes, dextran sodium sulphate.