Synthesis Succinic Galactomannan from Galactomannan Arenga pinnata Merr. and Succinic Anhydride using Microwave Method

Abstract

: The synthesis succinic galactomannan has been conducted through esterification reaction of galactomannan Arenga pinnata and succinic anhydride using sodium bicarbonate as catalyst under the radiation of microwave. The experiment divided by two steps which first step was the extraction of galactomannan from Arenga pinnata rendering yield of 4.20% and have confirmed by spectroscopy Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The second step was esterification with succinic anhydride using NaHCO3 as catalyst under the radiation of microwave for 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 min. Spectroscopy FT-IR showed the stretching vibration of the carbonyl group (C=O) of the ester at a wavelength of 1735 cm-1 which established the formation of succinic galactomannan. The substitution degree of succinic galactomannan determined by titration method obtained the maximum value at 1.527 for 9 min radiation time. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that succinic galactomannan has rough surface morphology than galactomannan Arenga pinnata .