{"title":"BROCA'S AREA ACTIVITY IN THE LEXICAL SEMANTICS OF VISUAL CAUSAL EVENTS","authors":"R. Limongi, R. Habib, Michael E. Young, K. Reinke","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832016000200003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolDesde una perspectiva de la linguistica cognitiva, se evalua los efectos de las construcciones causativas en la actividad del area de Broca durante el procesamiento de eventos visuales causales y no causales. Las estructuras lexicas causativas (e.g., la bola anaranjada mueve a la bola purpura) describen solamente eventos causales directos mientras que las estructuras perifrasticas causativas (e.g., la bola anaranjada hace mover a la bola purpura) describen tanto los eventos directos como los indirectos. Basados en esta diferencia, se emplea estructuras causativas lexicas y perifrasticas como instrucciones verbales que dirigian a los participantes a juzgar si colisiones del tipo “bolas de billar” simulaban eventos causales directos, causales indirectos y no causales. Mediante el uso de resonancia magnetica nuclear funcional (RMNf ) y el analisis por region de interes se encontro que los juicios sobre los tres tipos de eventos activaron mas la region de Broca cuando eran precedidos por la instruccion perifrastica que cuando eran precedidos por la instruccion lexica. Por otra parte, los juicios sobre los eventos directos producian mayor actividad en el area de Broca que los eventos indirectos. Se encontro interesante que los juicios causales estuvieron asociados a actividad segregada en el pars opercularis y en el pars triangularis. Los resultados son discutidos en el contexto de la hipotesis del “priming” linguistico de categorias, los modelos lineales de acumulacion balistica y la organizacion jerarquica de la corteza prefrontal. Porque estos datos sugieren segregacion funcional durante los juicios causales, se propone una futura investigacion sobre la conectividad efectiva entre estas regiones empleando modelos causales dinamicos de RMNf. EnglishFrom a cognitive linguistics perspective, is assessed the effects of causative constructions on the activity of Broca’s area during the processing of visual causal and non-causal events. Lexical causatives (e.g., the orange ball moves the purple ball) describe only direct causal events whereas periphrastic causatives (e.g., the orange ball causes the purple ball to move) describe both direct and indirect causal events. Based on this difference, is used lexical and periphrastic causatives as verbal instructions that directed participants to judge billiards balls collisions depicting direct, indirect, and non-causal events. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and region of interest analysis, is found that judgments of all three visual events more strongly activated Broca’s area following the periphrastic instruction than following the lexical instruction, and judgments of direct events produced stronger activity in Broca’s area than indirect events. Interestingly, causal judgments were segregated between pars opercularis and pars triangularis. Results are discussed within the context of the linguistic category priming hypothesis, linear ballistic accumulator models, and the hierarchical organization of the prefrontal cortex. Because this our data suggest functional segregation during causal judgments, it is proposed that effective connectivity between these regions is worth evaluating in a follow-up study via dynamic causal modeling of fMRI data.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"76 1 1","pages":"43-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"RLA","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832016000200003","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
espanolDesde una perspectiva de la linguistica cognitiva, se evalua los efectos de las construcciones causativas en la actividad del area de Broca durante el procesamiento de eventos visuales causales y no causales. Las estructuras lexicas causativas (e.g., la bola anaranjada mueve a la bola purpura) describen solamente eventos causales directos mientras que las estructuras perifrasticas causativas (e.g., la bola anaranjada hace mover a la bola purpura) describen tanto los eventos directos como los indirectos. Basados en esta diferencia, se emplea estructuras causativas lexicas y perifrasticas como instrucciones verbales que dirigian a los participantes a juzgar si colisiones del tipo “bolas de billar” simulaban eventos causales directos, causales indirectos y no causales. Mediante el uso de resonancia magnetica nuclear funcional (RMNf ) y el analisis por region de interes se encontro que los juicios sobre los tres tipos de eventos activaron mas la region de Broca cuando eran precedidos por la instruccion perifrastica que cuando eran precedidos por la instruccion lexica. Por otra parte, los juicios sobre los eventos directos producian mayor actividad en el area de Broca que los eventos indirectos. Se encontro interesante que los juicios causales estuvieron asociados a actividad segregada en el pars opercularis y en el pars triangularis. Los resultados son discutidos en el contexto de la hipotesis del “priming” linguistico de categorias, los modelos lineales de acumulacion balistica y la organizacion jerarquica de la corteza prefrontal. Porque estos datos sugieren segregacion funcional durante los juicios causales, se propone una futura investigacion sobre la conectividad efectiva entre estas regiones empleando modelos causales dinamicos de RMNf. EnglishFrom a cognitive linguistics perspective, is assessed the effects of causative constructions on the activity of Broca’s area during the processing of visual causal and non-causal events. Lexical causatives (e.g., the orange ball moves the purple ball) describe only direct causal events whereas periphrastic causatives (e.g., the orange ball causes the purple ball to move) describe both direct and indirect causal events. Based on this difference, is used lexical and periphrastic causatives as verbal instructions that directed participants to judge billiards balls collisions depicting direct, indirect, and non-causal events. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and region of interest analysis, is found that judgments of all three visual events more strongly activated Broca’s area following the periphrastic instruction than following the lexical instruction, and judgments of direct events produced stronger activity in Broca’s area than indirect events. Interestingly, causal judgments were segregated between pars opercularis and pars triangularis. Results are discussed within the context of the linguistic category priming hypothesis, linear ballistic accumulator models, and the hierarchical organization of the prefrontal cortex. Because this our data suggest functional segregation during causal judgments, it is proposed that effective connectivity between these regions is worth evaluating in a follow-up study via dynamic causal modeling of fMRI data.
从认知语言学的角度,我们评估了在处理因果和非因果视觉事件时,因果结构对布洛卡区活动的影响。使命性词汇结构(如橙色球移动紫色球)只描述直接的因果事件,而使命性外围结构(如橙色球移动紫色球)描述直接和间接的事件。基于这种差异,我们使用词汇和周边的因果结构作为口头指示,指导参与者判断“台球”碰撞是否模拟了直接因果、间接因果和非因果事件。通过使用功能性核磁共振(fmnr)和感兴趣区域分析,我们发现,在这三种类型的事件之前,当它们被周边指令激活时,比当它们被词汇指令激活时,对它们的判断更能激活布洛卡区域。另一方面,对直接事件的判断比间接事件在布洛卡地区产生更多的活动。在此基础上,我们研究了两种不同的行为模式,一种是因果判断,另一种是因果判断。在此背景下,我们研究了语言类别启动假说、建构主义累积线性模型和前额叶皮层的层次组织。由于这些数据表明,在因果判断中存在功能隔离,因此提出了利用动态因果RMNf模型对这些区域之间的有效连通性进行进一步研究。从认知语言学的角度,评估了在处理视觉因果和非因果事件时,因果结构对布洛卡区域活动的影响。词汇因果关系(如橙色球移动紫色球)只描述直接因果事件,而外围因果关系(如橙色球移动紫色球)描述直接和间接因果事件。基于这种差异,它被用作词汇和周边语致动词,作为指导参与者判断台球碰撞描述直接、间接和非因果事件的口头指示。利用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)和感兴趣的区域分析发现,所有三个视觉事件的判断都比词汇指令更强烈地激活布洛卡的区域,直接事件的判断在布洛卡的区域产生的活动比间接事件更强烈。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查,这个县的面积为。结果are的within the context of the linguistic category priming hypothesis,线性ballistic accumulator models, and the hierarchical organization of the前额叶皮质。由于我们的数据表明在因果判断过程中存在功能隔离,因此提出这些区域之间的有效连通性值得通过fMRI数据的动态因果模型进行后续研究。