Do Avatars Dream of Digital Sheep? Virtual People and the Sense of Presence

M. Slater
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Philip K. Dick's celebrated book Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (filmed as Blade Runner) explored the complex relationships between humans and almost perfect humanoid androids known as “replicants.” It grapples with the moral difficulties involved in the termination of beings who look and behave like humans. There is a worldwide endeavor to create parallel virtual world’s populated by virtual characters (avatars) alongside humans. Will such avatars be believable in the sense that human responses to them will be appropriate? Will your interactions with a weeping avatar make you cry, a laughing avatar make you laugh? This talk will explore these issues taking as evidence experiments that have examined the relationships between people and avatars in the context of cognitive behavioural therapy for social phobia, and paranoid ideation. The results are used also as a background to explore the notion of the sense of presence in virtual environments. Mel Slater joined University College London as a Reader in Computer Graphics in November 1995. He became full Professor of Virtual Environments in 1997. Before that he was at Queen Mary, University of London, Head of Department of Computer Science from 1993-95. He was visiting Professor in Computer Science Division, University of California Berkeley, in the spring semesters 1991 and 1992, and Visiting Scientist at the MIT Research Laboratory for Electronics, Sensory Communications Group, January-April 1998. His research has concentrated on immersive virtual environments since 1991, since when he has been principal investigator of several UK and European funded projects. He led the European FIVE ESPRIT Working Group (Framework for Immersive Virtual Environments). He was PI for a Wellcome Foundation project on using Virtual Environments for therapy in the context of social phobias and fear of public speaking. He is PI for almost £900,000 funding, under the 1998-99 JREI competition, for a virtual reality Cave-like system set up in the Department of Computer Science. He is guest editor of five special editions of the journal Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (MIT Press), and was recently appointed co-Editor-in-Chief of that journal. Since 1989 fourteen of his PhD students have obtained their PhDs, and he is currently supervising six full-time students, all in the area of computer graphics and virtual environments. He leads the ‘Virtual Environments and Computer Graphics’ research team, consisting of approximately 20 researchers. He is an Engineering and Physical Sciences (EPSRC) Senior Research Fellow from October 1999 for five years working on the Virtual Light Field approach to computer graphics rendering, and has recently received further EPSRC funding amounting to £350,000 for a project in this area. Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2002 (VR’02) 1087-8270/02 $17.00 © 2002 IEEE
虚拟角色会梦见数字绵羊吗?虚拟人和存在感
菲利普·k·迪克的名著《机器人会梦见电子羊吗?》(电影《银翼杀手》)探索了人类和近乎完美的类人机器人之间的复杂关系,这些机器人被称为“复制人”。它努力解决道德上的困难,涉及到终止那些看起来和行为像人类的生物。全世界都在努力创造一个平行的虚拟世界,由虚拟人物(化身)和人类一起居住。从某种意义上说,这些虚拟形象是否可信,人类对它们的反应是否恰当?你与哭泣的虚拟角色的互动是否会让你哭泣,而与大笑的虚拟角色的互动是否会让你大笑?本次演讲将探讨这些问题,并将其作为证据实验,在社交恐惧症和偏执思想的认知行为疗法的背景下研究人与虚拟形象之间的关系。这些结果也被用作探索虚拟环境中存在感概念的背景。梅尔·斯莱特于1995年11月加入伦敦大学学院,担任计算机图形学讲师。1997年,他成为虚拟环境专业的全职教授。在此之前,他于1993年至1995年在伦敦大学玛丽皇后学院担任计算机科学系主任。1991年和1992年春季学期,他是加州大学伯克利分校计算机科学系的客座教授;1998年1月至4月,他是麻省理工学院电子研究实验室传感通信组的客座科学家。自1991年以来,他一直专注于沉浸式虚拟环境的研究,从那时起,他一直是几个英国和欧洲资助项目的首席研究员。他领导了欧洲五ESPRIT工作组(沉浸式虚拟环境框架)。他是威康基金会项目的PI,该项目使用虚拟环境治疗社交恐惧症和公共演讲恐惧。在1998-99年的JREI竞赛中,他获得了近90万英镑的资助,为计算机科学系建立了一个虚拟现实洞穴系统。他是《存在:远程操作员和虚拟环境》杂志五个特别版的客座编辑,最近被任命为该杂志的联合主编。自1989年以来,他的14名博士生获得了博士学位,他目前指导6名全日制学生,全部在计算机图形学和虚拟环境领域。他领导着由大约20名研究人员组成的“虚拟环境和计算机图形学”研究团队。自1999年10月起,他成为工程与物理科学(EPSRC)高级研究员,在计算机图形渲染的虚拟光场方法上工作了五年,最近又获得了EPSRC在该领域的35万英镑的项目资助。IEEE虚拟现实2002 (VR ' 02) 1087-8270/02 $17.00©2002 IEEE
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