Phytochemical Constituents, Haematological Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Isolated Oil of Rosary Pea (Abrus precatorius) in Wistar Rat Fed with High Lipid Diet

O. Iyekowa, Opara V. Ndubuisi
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Abstract

The study is aimed at investigating the phytochemical constituents and haematological activities of the isolated oil in Wistar rat fed with high lipid diet. Powdered leaves of Abrus precatorious were extracted and phytochemical screening was done according to prescribed standard methods, while vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) was adopted for oil isolation of the crude extract and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly arranged into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F) and treated under certain conditions. Haematological analyses were performed according to standard procedures. Saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and glycosides were present. Oil constituents like octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) (35.30%), a saturated fatty acid was among the components detected in the isolated brown oil. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the levels of white blood cells (WBC) among the experimental groups (D and E), while mean corpsular haemoglobin (MCH) increased significantly (p < 0.05) with experimental group E (receiving high dose of the extract). This study indicated that methanol extract of A. precatorius can offer protection against blockage or plaques caused by high lipid diet. Keywords: Abrus precatorius, phytochemicals, histology, haematology
高脂饲料喂养Wistar大鼠玫瑰豆分离油的植物化学成分、血液学活性及GC-MS分析
本研究旨在研究高脂饲料喂养的Wistar大鼠分离油的植物化学成分和血液学活性。采用真空液相色谱法(VLC)对粗提物进行油分离,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对粗提物进行表征。将30只成年Wistar大鼠随机分为A、B、C、D、E、F 6组,按一定条件处理。血液学分析按标准程序进行。其中含有皂苷、生物碱、萜类、黄酮类和苷类。在分离的棕油中检测到十八烷酸(硬脂酸)(35.30%)和一种饱和脂肪酸等油成分。各试验组(D、E组)白细胞(WBC)水平显著降低(p < 0.05),平均凝血血红蛋白(MCH)显著升高(p < 0.05)。本研究表明,牛角草甲醇提取物对高脂饮食引起的血管阻塞或斑块具有保护作用。关键词:鸡胸草,植物化学,组织学,血液学
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