The Characteristics and The Making of Biopolymer Film from Oil Palm Trunk Starch (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Using Sorbitol Plasticizer

Abstract

The research about of the biopolymers film from oil palm trunk starch had been done.  Biopolymers  film  made  by  mixing  of  oil  palm  trunk  starch  (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and plasticizer sorbitol with the variation was 2:0,8 ; 2:1,0 ;2:1,2 (g/mL), then the film was molded on acrylic plate and dried in an oven at 40°C for 24  hours.  The results of  the film characterization  show that  the best variation of biopolymers on comparison 2:0,8 (g/mL) with the value of tensile strength was 4,26 MPa, percentage of elongation was 1,87 %, and film thickness was 0,16 mm, then it can be used as reference for addition 2 gram chitosan on the establishment of biopolymer film. It was characterized by tensile strength test with value was 14,00 MPa, pencentage of elongation with value was 3,20 %, and film thickness  with  value  was  0,10  mm.  The  results  of  Differential  Scanning Calorimetry  (DSC)  showed  increasing  of  the  endothermic  temperature  was 115,75 oC and exothermic temperature was 394,56 oC. The results of Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA) showed that at a temperature of 340,1 0C the film to start decomposed. The value of % Swelling was 63,176%. The Fourier Transform Infra  Red  (FT-IR)  result  showed  that  in  biopolymers  film  occurs  physical interaction  only.  As  well  as,  the  antibacterial  activity  analysis  showed  that addition of chitosan on biopolymer film made Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli bacterial was great inhibited with index antibacterial value of 0,625  respectively.  From SEM analysis showed  that film had  been  added by chitosan more homogenous than film without chitosan addition. The presence of chitosan addition tend to increase the physical and mechanical  properties of biopolymer film.