Fake News Classification Web Service for Spanish News by using Artificial Neural Networks

Abstract

—The use of digital media, such as social networks, has promoted the spreading of fake news on a large scale. Therefore, several Machine Learning techniques, such as artificial neural networks, have been used for fake news detection and classification. These techniques are widely used due to their learning capabilities. Besides, models based on artificial neural networks can be easily integrated into social media and websites to spot fake news early and avoid their propagation. Nevertheless, most fake news classification models are available only for English news, limiting the possibility of detecting fake news in other languages, such as Spanish. For this reason, this study proposes implementing a web service that integrates a deep learning model for the classification of fake news in Spanish. To determine the best model, the performance of several neural network architectures, including MLP, CNN, and LSTM, was evaluated using the F1 score., and LSTM using the F1 score. The LSTM architecture was the best, with an F1 score of 0.746. Finally, the efficiency of web service was evaluated, applying temporal behavior as a metric, resulting in an average response time of 1.08 seconds.