Carbonaceous nanomaterials: production and application. R&D of gas institute of NAS of Ukraine

Abstract

Gas Institute of NAS of Ukraine made a series of important new researches to create technology and equipment for nanomaterials and nanofluids that can effectively be used in the newest and traditional energetics. Scientists of the Institute carried out thermodynamic study and created a pilot unit of electro thermal fluidized bed (ETFB). ETFB – a bed of electrically conductive particles in a fluidized state heated by electric current passing through its volume. It is possible to realize various processes at extremely high level of temperature (up to 2000 °C). For the benefit of micro plasma charges in the created aggregate (one of the biggest in the Western Europe) it was implemented a continuous coating of pure quartz particles by lustrous nanopyrocarbon.1 The layer of pyrographite that capsulated quarts can be obtained in different thickness range by pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. Carbothermic reduction of silicon from quartz sand coated by pyrolytic carbon was accomplished in plasma arc discharge in the environment of vacuum with atomic hydrogen. So, we suggested to obtain pure silicon suitable for use in photovoltaic bypassing the expensive and dangerous “Siemens” chloride method (Figure 1).