Quality of life after myocardial re-vascularisation in patients with acute coronary syndrome during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a prospective observational study

Abstract

Aim. To study the quality of life and how it is influenced by different factors in the long term after myocardial re-vascularisation in patients with coronary artery disease who had acute coronary syndrome during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods. We examined 658 patients with coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome (mean age 66.4 ± 4.3 years). Percutaneous coronary intervention (600 patients) and coronary artery bypass grafting with cardio-pulmonary bypass (58 patients) were performed. Six months after myocardial re-vascularisation, we assessed patients' quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire. We identified factors that affect the quality of life using multivariate regression analysis.Results. After myocardial revascularisation, the patients had a reduced overall indicator of physical health (< 40 points). The overall indicator of psycho-emotional health was higher than physical (p < 0.002) but did not exceed 50 points. We noted the adverse effect of COVID-19 (regardless of disease severity) on the assessment. Also, COVID-19 was associated with increased anxiety. A history of concomitant diabetes mellitus, obesity, stroke and percutaneous coronary intervention had a negative effect on the overall indicators of physical and mental health.Conclusion. Patients with coronary artery disease who had acute coronary syndrome after myocardial re-vascularisation are characterised by reduced indicators of physical and average indicators of mental health in the long term. COVID-19, regardless of disease severity, has a negative impact on patients' general state of health, social activity and emotional background. A history of diabetes mellitus, obesity, stroke and percutaneous coronary intervention adversely affects the physical and mental health indicators.Received 4 August 2021. Revised 31 August 2021. Accepted 1 September 2021.Funding: This work was carried out within the framework of the state task of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No. 121031300225-8).Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors Conception and study design: O.V. Kamenskaya, V.V. Lomivorotov Data collection and analysis: A.S. Klinkova Statistical analysis: A.S. Klinkova Drafting the article: A.S. Klinkova, I.Yu. Loginova Critical revision of the article: O.V. Kamenskaya, A.M. Chernyavskiy Final approval of the version to be published: A.S. Klinkova, O.V. Kamenskaya, I.Yu. Loginova, A.M. Chernyavskiy, V.V. Lomivorotov