PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR AUDIO BERBASIS INKUIRI BERBANTUAN ALAT PERAGA PADA MATERI GERAK UNTUK ANAK TUNANETRA KELAS VII SMP/Mts LB

Abstract

Pendidikan merupakan hak asasi dari setiap manusia, tanpa terkecuali anak tunanetra sekalipun. Namun demikian, dewasa ini sarana dan prasarana untuk menunjang pembelajaran anak tunanetra di sekolah luar biasa masih sangat sedikit. Pembelajaran IPA khususnya fisika harus menekankan pada pemberian pengalaman secara langsung. Namun pembelajaran IPA yang diterapkan pada anak tunanetra cenderung bersifat ceramah dan didominasi guru sebagai pusat pengetahuan. Untuk meminimalkan peran guru dibutuhkan bahan ajar audio berbasis inkuiri, serta untuk membantu memvisualisasikan bentuk gambar pada bahan ajar diperlukan alat peraga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk bahan ajar audio berbasis inkuiri dan alat peraga, mengetahui kelayakan, dan keefektifan produk yang dikembangkan. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian R & D, dengan desain uji coba produk menggunakan pre-experiment design dengan bentuk one group pretest-posttest. Tahapan R & D terdiri atas 3D dari Four D Model (4D) meliputi: (1) Define (definisi); (2) Design (desain); dan (3) Develop (pengembangan). Uji coba produk dilakukan di SLB A Dria Adi Semarang dan SLB N Semarang pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Subjek uji coba produk pada penelitian ini adalah anak tunanetra kelas VII. Uji kelayakan penelitian ini meliputi uji kelayakan materi dan media. Uji kelayakan materi bahan ajar diperoleh persentase (86,54%) dengan kategori sangat layak. Uji kelayakan media meliputi uji kelayakan program audio diperoleh persentase (87,50%) dengan kategori sangat layak, dan uji kelayakan alat peraga diperoleh persentase (87,50%) dengan kategori sangat layak. Hasil uji respons praktisi ahli meliputi uji respons program audio diperoleh persentase (88,64%) dengan kategori sangat baik, dan uji respons alat peraga diperoleh persentase (93,75%) dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil uji peningkatan hasil belajar diperoleh rata-rata N-gain sebesar (0,6) dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar audio berbasis inkuiri dan alat peraga yang dikembangkan sangat layak dan efektif untuk diterapkan pada pembelajaran anak tunanetra. ----------------------------------------- ABSTRACT Education is a human right, without exception though blind children. However, nowdays facilities and infrastructure to support blind children learning at special schools is still very small. Science learning, especially physics must place emphasis on the provision of direct experience. But science learning is applied to the blind children tend to be dominated by lectures and teacher as a knowledge center. To minimize the role of teachers needed audio teaching materials based inquiry, as well as to help visualize the shapes on the teaching materials needed props. This research aims to develop product audio teaching materials based inquiry and props, determine the feasibility and effectiveness of the products developed. This research method is a research R & D, with use design test of pre-experiment design with shape one group pretest-posttest.stages of R & D consisted of Four D Model (4D) includes: (1) Define; (2) Design; (3) Develop; and (4) Disseminate. This research was conducted in SLB A Dria Adi Semarang and SLB N Semarang in the second semester of the 2015/2016 academic year. The subjects were blind children of class VII. The feasibility test of this study include the feasibility test of materials and feasibility test of media. The feasibility test of audio teaching materials based inquiry obtained by percentage (86.54%) categorized as very feasible. Feasibility test of media include test the feasibility of audio teaching materials based inquiry obtained by percentage (87.50%) categorized as very feasible, and the feasibility test of props obtained by percentage (87.50%) categorized as very feasible. The results of expert practitioners respons of audio teaching materials based inquiry obtained by percentage (88.64%) with a very good category, and the props obtained by percentage (93.75%) with categorized as good category. The test results obtained understanding of the concept of the average N-gain amounted to (0.6) with the medium category. Based on the results of this research concluded that the audio teaching materials based inquiry and props developed very feasible and effective to be applied to the learning of blind children.