Microcystin Shows Thresholds and Hierarchical Structure With Physicochemical Properties at Lake Fayetteville, Arkansas, May Through September 2020

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
B. Haggard, E. Grantz, B. Austin, A. Lasater, L. Haddock, Alyssa M. Ferri, Nicole D. Wagner, J. Scott
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Highlights Despite little to no dissolved nutrient supply in surface water, harmful algal blooms are sustained throughout the 2020 growing season. Sediment phosphorus release was high in a lake that has annual harmful algal blooms, and it is an important piece of the watershed management puzzle. Thresholds and hierarchical structure with individual physicochemical properties and pigment fluorescence at this lake explain a large portion of microcystin variability. Abstract. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwaters are a global concern, and research has focused on the nutrient drivers of cyanobacterial growth and toxin production. We explored the importance of nutrients on sustained cyanobacterial HABs producing measurable microcystin at Lake Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. The specific objectives were to (1) quantify sediment phosphorus (P) flux and estimate potential equilibrium P concentrations (EPC0) in July 2020, (2) assess water quality conditions in the lake from March through September 2020, and (3) evaluate physicochemical thresholds (or change points, CPs) and hierarchical structure with total microcystin concentrations. The sediments were a potential P source under both oxic and anoxic conditions, and the SRP concentrations in the lake water were continuously less than the EPC0 estimated for bottom sediment (~0.03 mg L-1); sediments are likely a potential P source for cyanobacterial HABs at Lake Fayetteville. The physicochemical changes at Lake Fayetteville over the 2020 growing season were typical of small, hypereutrophic reservoirs, with low biomass in winter when nutrient supply was greatest and the greatest cyanobacterial growth and microcystin toxin as nutrient supply diminished into the growing season. Microcystin concentrations were elevated above 1 µg L-1 from mid-June through mid-August 2020, and most physicochemical parameters in this study showed thresholds or change points with microcystin. Hierarchical structure existed with total microcystin concentrations, showing the potential importance of cyanobacterial biomass, N supply, and total P on elevated microcystin. Nutrients and algal pigment raw fluorescence explained 83% of the variation in total microcystin concentrations at Lake Fayetteville during the 2020 growing season. Nutrients (both N and P) from external and internal sources are likely important drivers of these blooms and toxicity at Lake Fayetteville. Keywords: Harmful Algal Blooms, Nutrient Drivers, Sediment Phosphorus Release, Water Quality.
2020年5月至9月,在阿肯色州费耶特维尔湖,微囊藻毒素显示出具有物理化学性质的阈值和层次结构
尽管地表水中几乎没有溶解的营养物质供应,但有害的藻华在2020年的整个生长季节都在持续。在一个每年都有有害藻华的湖泊中,沉积物磷释放量很高,这是流域管理难题的重要组成部分。该湖泊具有个体物理化学性质和色素荧光的阈值和层次结构解释了微囊藻毒素变异的很大一部分。摘要淡水中的有害藻华(HABs)是一个全球关注的问题,研究集中在蓝藻生长和毒素产生的营养驱动因素上。我们在美国阿肯色州费耶特维尔湖探讨了营养物质对产生可测量微囊藻毒素的持续蓝藻藻华的重要性。具体目标是:(1)量化2020年7月沉积物磷(P)通量并估算潜在平衡磷浓度(EPC0);(2)评估2020年3月至9月湖泊水质状况;(3)评估微囊藻毒素总浓度的理化阈值(或变化点,CPs)和层次结构。在有氧和无氧条件下,沉积物都是潜在的P源,湖水中SRP浓度持续低于底泥EPC0 (~0.03 mg L-1);沉积物可能是费耶特维尔湖蓝藻藻华的潜在P源。Fayetteville湖在2020年生长季的理化变化为典型的小型、富营养化水库,在养分供应最大的冬季生物量低,随着养分供应进入生长季,蓝藻和微囊藻毒素的生长最大。2020年6月中旬至8月中旬,微囊藻毒素浓度均高于1µg L-1,本研究中大部分理化参数均以微囊藻毒素为阈值或变化点。微囊藻毒素总浓度存在层次结构,表明蓝藻生物量、氮供应和总磷对微囊藻毒素升高的潜在重要性。营养物和藻类色素的原始荧光解释了费耶特维尔湖2020年生长季节微囊藻毒素总浓度变化的83%。来自外部和内部的营养物质(氮和磷)可能是费耶特维尔湖这些水华和毒性的重要驱动因素。关键词:有害藻华,养分驱动因素,沉积物磷释放,水质
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