İMAM CAFER ES-SADIK’A NİSBET EDİLEN BUYRUK’TA YER ALAN AYETLER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Abstract

In this article, the verses (āyāts) in the book titled “Buyruq” or “Buyruq of Imam Ja‘far al-Sādiq”, which have an important place in the written religious culture of the Alawi-Bektashi communities living in Anatolia, were identified, and then analyzed by the literature review method in the light of Sunni and Shia tafsīr (interpretation) literature. It was understood that some researchers confused the order of Imam Ja‘far al-Sādiq with Bisati/Sheikh Safi. It is mentioned that the original Arabic texts of the verses and hadiths have been given in the manuscripts which are the basis of “Buyruq” prints. Today, it is seen that in different editions of the book circulating in the market, there are plenty of errors and some of them do not even contain verse translations. This situation points to the importance of a publication by people with sufficient knowledge in Islamic sciences, by examining the oldest manuscripts available and by detecting possible errors in these manuscripts. In such a detailed study, the explanations of the verses and hadiths included in the text should also be made. There are 27 verses in total in three texts published by different publishers that we have examined within the scope of the article. These are the Surah al-Baqarah 2/153, 165, 201, 256; Āl-i Imrān 3/31; al-Mā’idah 5/119; al-Aʻrāf 7/23, 101; at-Tawbah 9/80; Yūsuf 12/20; al-Isrā 17/111; al-Kahf 18/110; al-Hajj 22/78; al-Furqān 25/23; an-Naml 27/30-31; al-Ahzāb 33/40; al-Fath 48/10; al-Hashr 59/21; as-Saff 61/13-14; al-Munāfiqūn 63/8; at-Talāq 65/2-3; at-Tahrīm 66/8; al-Insān 76/21 and al-Bayyinah 98/8. In most of these, not all of the verses, but some of them are mentioned. In the article, the verses that we briefly convey their tafsīr and the narrations from the Ahl al-Bayt Imams cover the main topics of the Islamic belief and worship system, namely the existence and unity of God (tawhīd), believing in prophets and the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), sunnah al-saniyye, the value of the sahābe (the companions of the Prophet), ibādah (worship), salāt (praying), patience, bīat (submission), sadaqa (charity), taqwā (piousness), tawakkul (trust in God), tawbah (repentance), forgiveness and Paradise, as well as denial, shirk, nifāq (discord), paganism, pretentiousness, destruction of tribes, sealing of hearts, hereafter and the punishment of hell. Like all Muslims, the path of believers who follow the tradition of Alawi-Bektashi is undoubtedly the way that summarized by these verses in Buyruq. Keywords: Tafsīr, Verse (āyah), Ja‘far al-Sādiq, Buyruq, Alawism, Bektashism.