Factores de riesgo de luxación de cadera presentes en neonatos de un hospital infantil

Abstract

Introduction

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) has significant repercussions on health if it is not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. The purpose of this research is to describe the risk factors and prevalence for DDH in children born between 01/01/2016 and 12/31/2019 in a Children's Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia.

Materials and methods

Descriptive cross-sectional study. The Developmental Hip Dislocation (DHD) was clinically evaluated through Ortolani, Barlow and Galeazzi's signs, exploring the possible association with family history in the first and second degree of consanguinity. 2 × 2 contingency tables were created and the X² test or Fisher's exact test was applied, considering a statistical significance of (p < 0.05). The information was taken from the DHD screening program database. The descriptive analysis was performed with Stata15 and SPSS20.

Results

3193 neonates meet the inclusion criteria. 49.5% are female. 7.1% had a family history of DHD in the first degree of consanguinity, 5% in the second degree of consanguinity, and 9.1% had a breech presentation. Clinical evaluation for the detection of DHD was positive in 0.41% (n = 13). A prevalence of 2.2× every 1000 live births was documented.

Conclusions

No association between sex and history of first degree of consanguinity was documented, but and an association with second degree history was founded. The estimated prevalence in a single hospital highlights the importance of strengthening and expanding screening programs.

Level of evidence: III. Descriptive study of transverse cut.