From Connemara to Gukurahundi Genocide of the 1980s in Zimbabwe

IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM
Joshua Chakawa
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Abstract

Summary The article addresses new and emerging perspectives on Gukurahundi genocide as remembered by combatants who participated or were close to the violent clashes between former Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) and Zimbabwe People’s Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) guerrillas at Connemara and how their fighting resulted in a national crisis. The bulk of the literature on this subject so far has concentrated on atrocities committed by 5 Brigade and other government forces in Matabeleland and the Midlands provinces between 1983 and 1987 without elaborating how it all began. This article unearths causes and course of the violence at Connemara, how it was organised and deployment of government security forces to quell it together with how the violence then spread to other barracks. The purpose of the study is to contribute interpretations and debate on this mass killing which today continues to haunt Zimbabwe. Connemara was chosen as a case study because fighting there between former ZANLA and ZIPRA guerrillas went unchecked and finally led to desertions in the army and then the Gukurahundi genocide. The story being told here is unique in the sense that it does not speak to civilian victims of violence but rather to armed men who were involved or at least close to the event. In gathering data, use was also made of secondary sources both published and unpublished. In terms of reconciliation and healing, it is important to take into consideration a multiplicity of voices, which is precisely what this article is doing.
从Connemara到Gukurahundi 1980年代在津巴布韦的种族灭绝
本文阐述了参与或接近前津巴布韦非洲民族解放军(ZANLA)与津巴布韦人民革命军(ZIPRA)游击队在康尼马拉(Connemara)发生的暴力冲突的战斗人员所记忆的Gukurahundi种族灭绝的新视角,以及他们的战斗如何导致国家危机。迄今为止,关于这一问题的大部分文献都集中于第5旅和其他政府军在1983年至1987年期间在马塔贝莱兰和中部省份犯下的暴行,而没有详细说明这一切是如何开始的。这篇文章揭示了Connemara暴力的起因和过程,它是如何组织的,政府安全部队是如何部署的,以及暴力是如何蔓延到其他兵营的。这项研究的目的是对这一至今仍困扰着津巴布韦的大规模杀戮作出解释和辩论。Connemara之所以被选为研究案例,是因为前ZANLA和ZIPRA游击队在那里的战斗没有得到控制,最终导致了军队中的逃兵,然后是Gukurahundi种族灭绝。这里讲述的故事的独特之处在于,它不是针对暴力的平民受害者,而是针对参与或至少接近事件的武装人员。在收集数据时,还利用了已发表和未发表的二手资料。就和解和治愈而言,重要的是要考虑到多种声音,这正是本文所要做的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
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期刊介绍: The Journal of Literary Studies publishes and globally disseminates original and cutting-edge research informed by Literary and Cultural Theory. The Journal is an independent quarterly publication owned and published by the South African Literary Society in partnership with Unisa Press and Taylor & Francis. It is housed and produced in the division Theory of Literature at the University of South Africa and is accredited and subsidised by the South African Department of Higher Education and Training. The aim of the journal is to publish articles and full-length review essays informed by Literary Theory in the General Literary Theory subject area and mostly covering Formalism, New Criticism, Semiotics, Structuralism, Marxism, Poststructuralism, Psychoanalysis, Gender studies, New Historicism, Ecocriticism, Animal Studies, Reception Theory, Comparative Literature, Narrative Theory, Drama Theory, Poetry Theory, and Biography and Autobiography.
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