Spatial Analysis of Groundwater Potential: A first hand Approach towards Groundwater Development in Moroto District, Uganda

Musa W. Lowot, A. Alexander
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Abstract

Groundwater is a vital resource that helps mankind and development. However, in Moroto District challenges of groundwater development has increased arising from changes in rainfall patterns coupled with high abstraction from population increase. In this study, the spatial variability of groundwater potential was assessed to develop a tool that will aid decision on groundwater potential sites selection for groundwater development/exploration. The study utilized an integrated technique and tools such as Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) in analysis and delineation of potential areas for successful groundwater development. The generated map through weighted overlay of thematic layers (slope, soil, lithology, rainfall, land use and land cover) produced five categories of potential zones indicating 90% (i.e., 35% very high, 40% high and 15% moderate) of the study area to be suitable for groundwater development and only 10% (i.e., 2% poor and 8% very poor) exists as poor groundwater potential zones. Maps produced from this study can hence be used to identify appropriate sites for groundwater development, and therefore minimizing unsuccessful boreholes development. Keywords:    GIS; Groundwater Development; Groundwater Potential; MCDA; Spatial Analysis.
地下水潜力的空间分析:乌干达Moroto地区地下水开发的第一手方法
地下水是人类赖以生存和发展的重要资源。然而,在莫罗托区,由于降雨模式的变化加上人口增长的高度抽取,地下水开发的挑战增加了。在这项研究中,地下水潜力的空间变异性进行了评估,以开发一个工具,将有助于地下水开发/勘探的地下水潜力点的选择决策。该研究利用遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)和多标准决策分析(MCDA)等综合技术和工具,对成功开发地下水的潜在区域进行了分析和划定。通过专题层(坡度、土壤、岩性、降雨、土地利用和土地覆盖)的加权叠加生成的地图产生了五类潜在带,表明研究区域90%(即35%非常高、40%高和15%中等)适合地下水开发,只有10%(即2%差和8%非常差)存在地下水潜在带。因此,这项研究产生的地图可用于确定地下水开发的适当地点,从而最大限度地减少不成功的钻孔开发。关键词:地理信息系统;地下水的开发;地下水潜力;MCDA;空间分析。
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