{"title":"Recent advance and challenge of disease-related detection based immunosensor by using antibodies","authors":"O. M. Saka","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00111","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A sensor is a device used to gather information recorded by chemical, physical or biological changes, and then convert the collected information into a qualitative or quantitative signal. Biological sensors (biosensors) consist of a biological sensing element and an electrochemical transducer. Target analyte reacts selectively with recognition elements such as antibodies, enzymes, nucleic acids, and then an electrical signal is produced by transducer. After separation and amplification processes, electrical signal converted into a measurable value. Electrochemical biosensors have been widely developed in last decades. Biomarkers are rationally used as a characteristic indicator of some pathogenic and pharmacological response to therapeutic intervention. One important class of biomarkers includes proteinic molecules that, when present at elevated or depressed concentrations in serum, tissue, or saliva, can be indicative of disease states. Various forms of voltammetry (linear sweep, differential pulse, square-wave,stripping) and amperometry are the most widely used electrochemical methods for detection of disease-related biomarkers. Although some of them are produced commercially and routinely used in clinical, environmental, and industrial analysis. But sometimes, enzyme of the substation or analyte in living organisms couldn’t be available to detect, or electrochemical biosystem is too expensive to use.1 So that affinity sensors were developed as an acceptable alternative. Affinity biosensors are based on selective interaction between the targeted analyte and biological component such as an antibody (immunosensor) or nucleic acids,1 DNA/microRNA (electrochemical DNA hybridization biosensor).2","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"94 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00111","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
A sensor is a device used to gather information recorded by chemical, physical or biological changes, and then convert the collected information into a qualitative or quantitative signal. Biological sensors (biosensors) consist of a biological sensing element and an electrochemical transducer. Target analyte reacts selectively with recognition elements such as antibodies, enzymes, nucleic acids, and then an electrical signal is produced by transducer. After separation and amplification processes, electrical signal converted into a measurable value. Electrochemical biosensors have been widely developed in last decades. Biomarkers are rationally used as a characteristic indicator of some pathogenic and pharmacological response to therapeutic intervention. One important class of biomarkers includes proteinic molecules that, when present at elevated or depressed concentrations in serum, tissue, or saliva, can be indicative of disease states. Various forms of voltammetry (linear sweep, differential pulse, square-wave,stripping) and amperometry are the most widely used electrochemical methods for detection of disease-related biomarkers. Although some of them are produced commercially and routinely used in clinical, environmental, and industrial analysis. But sometimes, enzyme of the substation or analyte in living organisms couldn’t be available to detect, or electrochemical biosystem is too expensive to use.1 So that affinity sensors were developed as an acceptable alternative. Affinity biosensors are based on selective interaction between the targeted analyte and biological component such as an antibody (immunosensor) or nucleic acids,1 DNA/microRNA (electrochemical DNA hybridization biosensor).2