Caveats in Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori Infection can be Avoided by a Panel of Serum Biomarkers (GastroPanelÃÂ

Abstract

The understanding on the important role played by Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) and peptic ulcer disease has increased progressively since the discovery of the bacteria in 1984 by Marshall and Warren [1]. According to the current concepts, GC develops from HP-infection through precursor lesions of progressively increasing severity: mild, moderate and severe atrophic gastritis (AG), accompanied by intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia. This sequence of events is generally known as the “Correa cascade”, and estimated to be involved in around 50% of GC cases, particularly the intestinal type of GC [2-4].