Antibiotic Utilization Pattern in Surgery and Pediatric, Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Hospital, Bangalore, India

Abstract

Objective: To assess antibiotic utilization pattern in surgery and pediatric and to explore reasons for the nonadherence. Methods: A prospective clinical record review was done on 180 patients admitted in the Medicine, Surgery, and Paediatrics. The antibiotic prescription will be assessed whether it is according to hospital antibiotic policy and in case of violation the reason for it will be noted down. The incidence and cause for the nosocomial infection will be noted down. Apart from these antibiotic categories, cost of antibiotic therapy from medical bills and the cost for the antibiotics will be calculated. Results: In our study population out of 180 patients 110 were male and 70 were female and in paediatric population16% were male and 1 3.5%. In surgery department highest number i.e. 12.5% male and 9.5% females are in the age group 31-40 years. 2% males and 2.5% females were in the age Group of 81-90. Various classes of antibiotics like penicillin’s, macrolides, cephalosporin’s and fluoroquinolones were prescribed. of which13% males, 7% females were prescribed with penicillin’s which were highest among monotherapy. Among combination therapy 14% of males were prescribed and 7 % females with penicillin which were highest. There were various combination drugs prescribed which are specific to the disease out of which ampicillin+gentamicin+metronidazole (5%) and ampicillin+gentamicin+cefotaxime+amikacin (5%). Conclusion: In appropriate use of antibiotics is detected due to lack of culture sensitivity test which has to make mandatory in the hospital before antibiotic prescription. Less cost effective antibiotic treatment should be prescribed. Polypharmacy was seen in a large extent were patients were put on 4-5 antibiotics which has to be avoided by using broad spectrum antibiotics and fixed dose antibiotics suitably. The drug interactions with antibiotics should be also minimized.