Risks of Domestic Underground Water Sources in Informal Settlement in Kabwe – Zambia

A. Phiri
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Informal settlements are a hot spot for disaster risks worldwide. They are characterised by limited provision of basic services. Water being a critical life support resource is not adequately provided. Residents usually rely on unsafe water sources of hand dug wells. Pit latrines are a major facility for sanitary purposes. Further, informal settlements high population density residing in poor housing units is a common characteristics. Risks of underground water pollution are high due to the proximity of sanitation facilities to unprotected shallow wells increasing the possibility of feacal contamination by ecoli and coli form. This paper presents a case of Makululu informal settlement in Zambia. A total of 385 respondents were identified at random while purposive sampling identified key informants. Water samples collected from 12 hand dug wells located close to pit latrines were tested for coli form and ecoli. Testing was done before and after the rainy season to analyse the relationship between pit latrines and wells as well as the relationship with rainfall distribution pattern to ascertain levels of risks. Water was tested to determine the levels of contamination based on the presence of ecoli and coli form. Laboratory results indicated that 90 percent of water consumed in Makululu informal settlement is highly contaminated by faecal coliforms.
赞比亚Kabwe非正式住区家庭地下水源的风险
非正式定居点是全球灾害风险的一个热点。它们的特点是提供的基本服务有限。水是维持生命的重要资源,但供应不足。居民通常依靠不安全的手挖井水源。坑式厕所是一项主要的卫生设施。此外,非正式住区的共同特点是居住在简陋住房单元的人口密度高。由于卫生设施靠近无保护的浅井,增加了大肠杆菌和大肠杆菌形式的粪便污染的可能性,因此地下水污染的风险很高。本文介绍了赞比亚马库鲁鲁人非正式定居点的一个案例。共有385名受访者被随机识别,而有目的的抽样确定了关键的线人。从靠近坑式厕所的12口手挖井中采集的水样进行了大肠杆菌和大肠杆菌检测。在雨季前后进行测试,分析坑式厕所与水井之间的关系以及与降雨分布模式的关系,以确定风险水平。对水进行了检测,以确定是否存在大肠杆菌和大肠杆菌形式的污染程度。实验室结果表明,Makululu非正式住区所消耗的90%的水受到粪便大肠菌的严重污染。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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