Prevalence and adverse effects of sport-related nutritional supplements (sport drinks, bars, and gels) in the military before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Joseph J Knapik, Daniel W Trone, Ryan A Steelman, Emily K Farina, Harris R Lieberman
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Sport-related nutritional supplements (SRNS) include sport drinks, sport bars, and sport gels. This investigation examined temporal patterns in SRNS use and adverse effects (AEs) reported by a single cohort of United States active-duty service members (SMs) surveyed before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A stratified random sample (n = 22,858) of SMs (Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps) who completed a questionnaire on their SRNS use and AE experiences and were still on active duty were asked to complete the identical questionnaire on a second occasion. Twenty-five percent of successfully contacted SMs completed both questionnaires (n = 5,778) and were included in this investigation. The average ± standard deviation time between questionnaires was 1.3 ± 0.2 years.

Results: Prevalence of reported SRNS use ≥1 time/week in the baseline (BL) and follow-up (FU) phases were as follows: any SRNS: BL = 46%, FU = 41%; sport drinks: BL = 31%, FU = 28%; sport bars: BL = 30%, FU = 24%; sport gels: BL = 4%, FU = 4%. Reported weekly aerobic and resistance training durations were reduced in the FU period (8% and 26%, respectively). The proportion of SMs reporting SRNS use in both study phases was as follows: any SRNS = 62%, sport drinks = 54%, sport bars = 50%, sport gels = 35%. Prevalence of reported AEs in the BL and FU phases were as follows: any SRNS: BL = 1.9%, FU = 1.9%; sport drinks: BL = 1.0%, FU = 1.3%; sport bars: BL = 1.7%, FU = 1.4%; sport gels: BL = 3.3%, FU = 2.5%. The proportion of SMs reporting AEs in both phases was as follows: any SRNS = 14%, sport drinks = 11%, sport bars = 17%, sport gels = 0%.

Conclusions: Overall SRNS use prevalence decreased slightly in the FU period, possibly because of reduced physical training related to military restrictions imposed during the emergence of COVID-19 between surveys. A large proportion of SMs reported changing their use patterns in the FU with some discontinuing use and others initiating use. The AE incidence was similarly low in the BL and FU phases, and few SMs reported AEs in both phases suggesting AEs were transitory. AE reporting for SRNSs was much lower than previously found for dietary supplements, possibly because of greater government regulatory control over SRNSs.

新冠肺炎大流行前和期间军队中运动相关营养补充剂(运动饮料、酒吧和凝胶)的患病率和不良影响:美国军队膳食补充剂使用研究。
背景:运动相关营养补充剂(SRNS)包括运动饮料、运动棒和运动凝胶。这项调查调查了在2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)大流行之前和期间接受调查的美国现役军人(SM)单一队列报告的SRNS使用和不良反应(AE)的时间模式。方法:分层随机抽样(n = 22858名SM(空军、陆军、海军和海军陆战队)完成了一份关于其SRNS使用和AE经历的问卷,并仍在现役,他们被要求在第二次填写相同的问卷。成功联系的SM中有25%完成了两份问卷(n = 5778),并被纳入本次调查。问卷之间的平均±标准差时间为1.3 ± 0.2 年。结果:报告的SRNS使用率 ≥基线(BL)和随访(FU)阶段的1次/周如下:任何SRNS:BL = 46%,傅 = 41%;运动饮料:BL = 31%,傅 = 28%;体育酒吧:BL = 30%,符 = 24%;运动凝胶:BL = 4%,符 = 4%。报告的每周有氧和阻力训练持续时间在FU期间减少(分别为8%和26%)。报告在两个研究阶段使用SRNS的SM比例如下:任何SRNS = 62%,运动饮料 = 54%,运动酒吧 = 50%,运动凝胶 = 35%。BL和FU期报告AE的患病率如下:任何SRNS:BL = 1.9%,FU = 1.9%;运动饮料:BL = 1.0%,FU = 1.3%;体育酒吧:BL = 1.7%,FU = 1.4%;运动凝胶:BL = 3.3%,FU = 2.5%。SM在两个阶段报告AE的比例如下:任何SRNS = 14%,运动饮料 = 11%,运动酒吧 = 17%,运动凝胶 = 0%。结论:在FU期间,SRNS的总体使用率略有下降,可能是因为在调查之间新冠肺炎出现期间,与军事限制相关的体育训练减少。据报道,很大一部分SM改变了其在FU中的使用模式,其中一些停止使用,另一些开始使用。BL和FU期的AE发生率同样较低,很少有SM报告两个期的AE,这表明AE是暂时性的。SRNSs的AE报告比以前发现的膳食补充剂要低得多,这可能是因为政府对SRNSs进行了更严格的监管。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition NUTRITION & DIETETICS-SPORT SCIENCES
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
3.90%
发文量
34
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (JISSN) focuses on the acute and chronic effects of sports nutrition and supplementation strategies on body composition, physical performance and metabolism. JISSN is aimed at researchers and sport enthusiasts focused on delivering knowledge on exercise and nutrition on health, disease, rehabilitation, training, and performance. The journal provides a platform on which readers can determine nutritional strategies that may enhance exercise and/or training adaptations leading to improved health and performance.
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