K E Steer, M L Johnson, C E Edmonds, K Adjerid, L E Bond, R Z German, C J Mayerl
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Infant feeding requires successful interactions between infant physiology and the maternal (or bottle) nipple. Within artificial nipples, there is variation in both nipple stiffness and flow rates, as well as variation in infant physiology as they grow and mature. However, we have little understanding into how infants interact with variable nipple properties to generate suction and successfully feed. We designed nipples with two different stiffnesses and hole sizes and measured infant feeding performance through ontogeny using a pig model. We evaluated their response to nipple properties using high-speed X-Ray videofluoroscopy. Nipple properties substantially impacted sucking physiology and performance. Hole size had the most profound impact on the number of sucks infants took per swallow. Pressure generation generally increased with age, especially in nipples where milk acquisition was more difficult. However, most strikingly, in nipples with lower flow rates the relationship between suction generation and milk acquisition was disrupted. In order to design effective interventions for infants with feeding difficulties, we must consider how variation in nipple properties impacts infant physiology in a targeted manner. While reducing flow rate may reduce the frequency an infant aspirates, it may impair systems involved in sensorimotor integration.
期刊介绍:
Dysphagia aims to serve as a voice for the benefit of the patient. The journal is devoted exclusively to swallowing and its disorders. The purpose of the journal is to provide a source of information to the flourishing dysphagia community. Over the past years, the field of dysphagia has grown rapidly, and the community of dysphagia researchers have galvanized with ambition to represent dysphagia patients. In addition to covering a myriad of disciplines in medicine and speech pathology, the following topics are also covered, but are not limited to: bio-engineering, deglutition, esophageal motility, immunology, and neuro-gastroenterology. The journal aims to foster a growing need for further dysphagia investigation, to disseminate knowledge through research, and to stimulate communication among interested professionals. The journal publishes original papers, technical and instrumental notes, letters to the editor, and review articles.