Observation of the radiation environment and solar energetic particle events in Mars orbit in May 2018- June 2022

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS

ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.lssr.2023.03.006

Jordanka Semkova , Rositza Koleva , Victor Benghin , Krasimir Krastev , Yuri Matviichuk , Borislav Tomov , Stephan Maltchev , Tsvetan Dachev , Nikolay Bankov , Igor Mitrofanov , Alexey Malakhov , Dmitry Golovin , Maxim Litvak , Anton Sanin , Alexander Kozyrev , Maxim Mokrousov , Sergey Nikiforov , Denis Lisov , Artem Anikin , Vyacheslav Shurshakov , Nat Gopalswamy

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The dosimeter Liulin-MO for measuring the radiation environment onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) is a module of the Fine Resolution Epithermal Neutron Detector (FREND). Here we present results from measurements of the charged particle fluxes, dose rates and estimation of dose equivalent rates at ExoMars TGO Mars science orbit, provided by Liulin-MO from May 2018 to June 2022. The period of measurements covers the declining and minimum phases of the solar activity in 24th solar cycle and the rising phase of the 25th cycle. Compared are the radiation values of the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) obtained during the different phases of the solar activity. The highest values of the dose rate and flux from GCR are registered from March to August 2020. At the minimum of 24th and transition to 25th solar cycle the dose rate from GCR is 15.9 ± 1.6 µGy h⁻¹, particle flux is 3.3 ± 0.17 cm⁻² s⁻¹, dose equivalent rate is 72.3 ± 14.4 µSv h⁻¹. Since September 2020 the dose rate and flux of GCR decrease. Particular attention is drawn to the observation of the solar energetic particle (SEP) events in July, September and October 2021, February and March 2022 as well as their effects on the radiation environment on TGO during the corresponding periods. The SEP event during15–19 February 2022 is the most powerful event observed in our data. The SEP dose during this event is 13.8 ± 1.4 mGy (in Si), the SEP dose equivalent is 21.9 ± 4.4 mSv. SEP events recorded in Mars orbit are related to coronal mass ejections (CME) observed by SOHO and STEREO A coronagraphs. Compared are the time profiles of the count rates measured by Liulin-MO, the neutron detectors of FREND and neutron detectors of the High Energy Neutron Detector (HEND) aboard Mars Odyssey during 15–19 February 2022 event. The data obtained is important for the knowledge of the radiation environment around Mars, regarding future manned and robotic flights to the planet. The data for SEP events in Mars orbit during July 2021-March 2022 contribute to the details on the solar activity at a time when Mars is on the opposite side of the Sun from Earth.

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2018年5月- 2022年6月火星轨道辐射环境和太阳高能粒子事件观测

用于测量ExoMars示踪气体轨道飞行器（TGO）上辐射环境的剂量计Liulin MO是精细分辨率超热中子探测器（FREND）的一个模块。在这里，我们展示了由莫柳林于2018年5月至2022年6月提供的ExoMars TGO火星科学轨道上带电粒子通量、剂量率和剂量当量率估计的测量结果。测量周期包括第24个太阳周期中太阳活动的下降期和最小期，以及第25个太阳周期的上升期。比较了在太阳活动的不同阶段获得的银河系宇宙射线的辐射值。GCR的剂量率和通量的最高值记录在2020年3月至8月。在第24个太阳周期的最小值和向第25个太阳周期过渡时，GCR的剂量率为15.9±1.6µGy h−1，粒子通量为3.3±0.17 cm−2 s−1，剂量当量率为72.3±14.4µSv h−1。自2020年9月以来，GCR的剂量率和通量下降。特别注意2021年7月、9月和10月、2022年2月和3月的太阳高能粒子（SEP）事件的观测，以及它们对相应时期TGO辐射环境的影响。2022年2月15日至19日的SEP事件是我们数据中观察到的最有力的事件。该事件期间的SEP剂量为13.8±1.4 mGy（Si），SEP剂量当量为21.9±4.4 mSv。火星轨道上记录的SEP事件与SOHO和STEREO A日冕仪观测到的日冕物质抛射（CME）有关。比较了刘林MO、FREND的中子探测器和火星奥德赛号高能中子探测器（HEND）的中子探测器在2022年2月15日至19日事件期间测量的计数率的时间剖面。所获得的数据对于了解火星周围的辐射环境，以及未来载人和机器人飞往火星的飞行非常重要。2021年7月至2022年3月期间火星轨道上SEP事件的数据有助于了解火星与地球相对时太阳活动的细节。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

464