The holistic effects of medical cannabis compared to opioids on pain experience in Finnish patients with chronic pain.

IF 4.1 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Jussi Jylkkä, Aleksi Hupli, Aleksandra Nikolaeva, Sandra Alanen, Anna Erika Back, Sara Lindqvist, Andreas Krabbe, Maya Lavie-Ajayi, Oskari Kantonen
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Abstract

Background: Medical cannabis (MC) is increasingly used for chronic pain, but it is unclear how it aids in pain management. Previous literature suggests that MC could holistically alter the pain experience instead of only targeting pain intensity. However, this hypothesis has not been previously systematically tested.

Method: A retrospective internet survey was used in a sample of Finnish chronic pain patients (40 MC users and 161 opioid users). The patients evaluated statements describing positive and negative phenomenological effects of the medicine. The two groups were propensity score matched to control for possible confounding factors.

Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed three experience factors: Negative Side Effects, Positive Holistic Effects, and Positive Emotional Effects. The MC group (matched n = 39) received higher scores than the opioid group (matched n = 39) in Positive Emotional Effects with large effect size (Rank-Biserial Correlation RBC = .71, p < .001), and in Holistic Positive Effects with medium effect size (RBC = .47, p < .001), with no difference in Negative Side Effects (p = .13). MC and opioids were perceived as equally efficacious in reducing pain intensity. Ratings of individual statements were exploratively examined in a post hoc analysis.

Conclusion: MC and opioids were perceived to be equally efficacious in reducing pain intensity, but MC additionally positively affected broader pain-related factors such as emotion, functionality, and overall sense of wellbeing. This supports the hypothesis that MC alleviates pain through holistically altering the pain experience.

医用大麻与阿片类药物对芬兰慢性疼痛患者疼痛体验的整体影响。
背景:医用大麻(MC)越来越多地用于慢性疼痛,但尚不清楚它如何帮助疼痛管理。先前的文献表明,MC可以全面改变疼痛体验,而不仅仅针对疼痛强度。然而,这一假设以前没有得到系统的检验。方法:对芬兰慢性疼痛患者(40名MC使用者和161名阿片类药物使用者)进行回顾性网络调查。患者评估了描述药物积极和消极现象学效果的陈述。两组的倾向评分与可能的混杂因素对照相匹配。结果:探索性因素分析揭示了三个经验因素:消极副作用、积极整体效应和积极情绪效应。MC组(匹配n = 39)的得分高于阿片类药物组(匹配n = 39)在具有大效应大小的积极情绪效应中(秩双序列相关RBC = .71,p 结论:MC和阿片类药物在降低疼痛强度方面同样有效,但MC对情绪、功能和整体幸福感等更广泛的疼痛相关因素也有积极影响。这支持了MC通过整体改变疼痛体验来减轻疼痛的假设。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
6.20
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