Information Access Effort: The Role of Head Movements for Information Presented at Increasing Eccentricity on Flat Panel and Head-Mounted Displays.

IF 2.9 3区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Human Factors Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-09 DOI:10.1177/00187208231204567
Amelia C Warden, Christopher D Wickens, Benjamin A Clegg, Daniel Rehberg, Francisco R Ortega
{"title":"Information Access Effort: The Role of Head Movements for Information Presented at Increasing Eccentricity on Flat Panel and Head-Mounted Displays.","authors":"Amelia C Warden, Christopher D Wickens, Benjamin A Clegg, Daniel Rehberg, Francisco R Ortega","doi":"10.1177/00187208231204567","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This experiment examined performance costs when processing two sources of information positioned at increasing distances using a flat panel display and an augmented reality head-mounted display (AR-HMD).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The AR-HMD enables positioning virtual information at various distances in space. However, the proximity compatibility principle suggests that closer separation when two sources of information require mental integration assists performance, whereas increased separation between two sources hurts integration performance more than when a single source requires focused attention. Previous studies have provided inconsistent findings regarding costs associated with increased separation. Few of these experiments have examined separation for both focused and integration tasks, compared vertical and lateral separation, or measured head movements.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three experiments collectively examined these issues using a flat panel display and a virtual display presented with an HMD, where the separation of information varied laterally or vertically during a focused attention (digit reading) task and an information integration (mental subtraction) task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no performance cost for either display when information was increasingly separated. However, head movements mitigated performance costs by preserving accuracy at larger separations without increasing response time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Head movements appear to mitigate performance costs associated with presenting information increasingly far apart on flat panel displays and HMDs. Both eye scanning and head movements appear to be less effortful than expected.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>These findings have important implications for design guidelines regarding the placement of information presented on flat panel displays and, more specifically, HMDs, which can present information 360° around the user.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Human Factors","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208231204567","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/11/9 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: This experiment examined performance costs when processing two sources of information positioned at increasing distances using a flat panel display and an augmented reality head-mounted display (AR-HMD).

Background: The AR-HMD enables positioning virtual information at various distances in space. However, the proximity compatibility principle suggests that closer separation when two sources of information require mental integration assists performance, whereas increased separation between two sources hurts integration performance more than when a single source requires focused attention. Previous studies have provided inconsistent findings regarding costs associated with increased separation. Few of these experiments have examined separation for both focused and integration tasks, compared vertical and lateral separation, or measured head movements.

Method: Three experiments collectively examined these issues using a flat panel display and a virtual display presented with an HMD, where the separation of information varied laterally or vertically during a focused attention (digit reading) task and an information integration (mental subtraction) task.

Results: There was no performance cost for either display when information was increasingly separated. However, head movements mitigated performance costs by preserving accuracy at larger separations without increasing response time.

Conclusion: Head movements appear to mitigate performance costs associated with presenting information increasingly far apart on flat panel displays and HMDs. Both eye scanning and head movements appear to be less effortful than expected.

Application: These findings have important implications for design guidelines regarding the placement of information presented on flat panel displays and, more specifically, HMDs, which can present information 360° around the user.

信息访问工作:在平板显示器和头戴式显示器上以增加偏心率呈现的信息中,头部运动的作用。
目的:本实验考察了使用平板显示器和增强现实头戴式显示器(AR-HMD)处理两个距离越来越远的信息源时的性能成本。背景:AR-HMD能够在空间中定位不同距离的虚拟信息。然而,邻近相容性原则表明,当两个信息源需要心理整合时,更紧密的分离有助于表现,而当两个来源之间的分离增加时,对整合表现的伤害比当单个来源需要集中注意力时更大。先前的研究提供了关于与分离增加相关的成本的不一致的结果。这些实验中很少有研究过集中任务和整合任务的分离,比较过垂直和横向分离,或者测量过头部运动。方法:三个实验使用平板显示器和带HMD的虚拟显示器共同研究了这些问题,其中在集中注意力(数字阅读)任务和信息整合(心理减法)任务期间,信息的分离横向或垂直变化。结果:当信息越来越分离时,这两种显示器都没有性能成本。然而,头部移动通过在不增加响应时间的情况下保持较大间距的精度来降低性能成本。结论:头部移动似乎可以降低与在平板显示器和HMD上呈现越来越远的信息相关的性能成本。眼睛扫描和头部移动似乎都没有预期的那么费力。应用:这些发现对平板显示器上显示信息的位置设计指南具有重要意义,更具体地说,HMD可以在用户周围360°显示信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Human Factors
Human Factors 管理科学-行为科学
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
6.10%
发文量
99
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society publishes peer-reviewed scientific studies in human factors/ergonomics that present theoretical and practical advances concerning the relationship between people and technologies, tools, environments, and systems. Papers published in Human Factors leverage fundamental knowledge of human capabilities and limitations – and the basic understanding of cognitive, physical, behavioral, physiological, social, developmental, affective, and motivational aspects of human performance – to yield design principles; enhance training, selection, and communication; and ultimately improve human-system interfaces and sociotechnical systems that lead to safer and more effective outcomes.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信