{"title":"The relationship between nutrition and micronutrients in healthy Turkish infants and young children","authors":"Hakan Onur , Arzu Rahmanalı Onur , Özgür Aslan","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2023.08.013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>A healthy diet is important at every stage of life. We aimed to determine the serum vitamin D and iron, </span>folic acid, and vitamin B</span><sub>12</sub> levels in healthy children younger than 48 months and to investigate the relationship between nutrition and micronutrients in children of this age.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>In this observational study children who presented to the Pediatrics Clinic of our hospital during the period 2015–2022 were included. Vitamin D and other nutritional parameters (serum folate, vitamin B</span><sub>12</sub>, iron, ferritin) were evaluated from the study participants' serum samples during the outpatient clinic visit (jaundice check-up, pre-circumcision surgery, etc.).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 766 cases were included in the study. Vitamin D was higher in the group that was fed only breast milk (<em>p</em> = 0.019), and vitamin D insufficiency was statistically higher in the formula group (<em>p</em> = 0.015). Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the formula group (<em>p</em> = 0.007). The folic acid level was found to be normal in all infants, and was higher in formula-fed infants (<em>p</em> = 0.012). Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> was found to be significantly higher in infants fed with formula (<em>p</em><span> = 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was most common in infants aged 25–48 months (</span><em>p</em> < 0.001). Similarly, vitamin D insufficiency (12–20 ng/mL) was detected in infants aged between 25 and 48 months (<em>p</em> < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Micronutrients such as calcium, folic acid, iron, vitamin D, and iodine are critical in early fetal development from pregnancy onward. It is vital to raise awareness of this issue for mothers, starting from pregnancy, and for mothers to feed their babies more carefully in the first years of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives De Pediatrie","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929693X23001756","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
A healthy diet is important at every stage of life. We aimed to determine the serum vitamin D and iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 levels in healthy children younger than 48 months and to investigate the relationship between nutrition and micronutrients in children of this age.
Methods
In this observational study children who presented to the Pediatrics Clinic of our hospital during the period 2015–2022 were included. Vitamin D and other nutritional parameters (serum folate, vitamin B12, iron, ferritin) were evaluated from the study participants' serum samples during the outpatient clinic visit (jaundice check-up, pre-circumcision surgery, etc.).
Results
Overall, 766 cases were included in the study. Vitamin D was higher in the group that was fed only breast milk (p = 0.019), and vitamin D insufficiency was statistically higher in the formula group (p = 0.015). Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the formula group (p = 0.007). The folic acid level was found to be normal in all infants, and was higher in formula-fed infants (p = 0.012). Vitamin B12 was found to be significantly higher in infants fed with formula (p = 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was most common in infants aged 25–48 months (p < 0.001). Similarly, vitamin D insufficiency (12–20 ng/mL) was detected in infants aged between 25 and 48 months (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Micronutrients such as calcium, folic acid, iron, vitamin D, and iodine are critical in early fetal development from pregnancy onward. It is vital to raise awareness of this issue for mothers, starting from pregnancy, and for mothers to feed their babies more carefully in the first years of life.
期刊介绍:
Archives de Pédiatrie publishes in English original Research papers, Review articles, Short communications, Practice guidelines, Editorials and Letters in all fields relevant to pediatrics.
Eight issues of Archives de Pédiatrie are released annually, as well as supplementary and special editions to complete these regular issues.
All manuscripts submitted to the journal are subjected to peer review by international experts, and must:
Be written in excellent English, clear and easy to understand, precise and concise;
Bring new, interesting, valid information - and improve clinical care or guide future research;
Be solely the work of the author(s) stated;
Not have been previously published elsewhere and not be under consideration by another journal;
Be in accordance with the journal''s Guide for Authors'' instructions: manuscripts that fail to comply with these rules may be returned to the authors without being reviewed.
Under no circumstances does the journal guarantee publication before the editorial board makes its final decision.
Archives de Pédiatrie is the official publication of the French Society of Pediatrics.