High prevalence of antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in Salmonella Gallinarum.

IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Iranian Journal of Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13869

Reza Khaltabadi Farahani, Mina Ebrahimi-Rad, Nader Shahrokhi, Amir Hossien Khaltabadi Farahani, Seyed Ali Ghafouri, Maryam Rezaei, Safoora Gharibzadeh, Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi, Parastoo Ehsani

{"title":"High prevalence of antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in Salmonella Gallinarum.","authors":"Reza Khaltabadi Farahani, Mina Ebrahimi-Rad, Nader Shahrokhi, Amir Hossien Khaltabadi Farahani, Seyed Ali Ghafouri, Maryam Rezaei, Safoora Gharibzadeh, Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi, Parastoo Ehsani","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13869","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Antibiotic resistance is an indicator of the passively acquired and circulating resistance genes. Salmonella Gallinarum significantly affects the poultry food industry. The present study is the first study of the S. Gallinarum biofilm in Iran, which is focused on the characterization of the S. Gallinarum serovars and their acquired antibiotic resistance genes circulating in poultry fields in central and northwestern Iran.Materials and methods: Sixty isolates of S. Gallinarum serovar were collected from feces of live poultry. The bacteria were isolated using biochemical tests and confirmed by Multiplex PCR. Biofilm formation ability and the antibacterial resistance were evaluated using both phenotypic and genotypic methods. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: According to Multiplex PCR for ratA, SteB, and rhs genes, all 60 S. Gallinarum serovars were Gallinarum biovars. In our study, the antibiotic resistance rate among isolated strains was as follows: Penicillin (100%), nitrofurantoin (80%), nalidixic acid (45%), cefoxitin (35%), neomycin sulfate (30%), chloramphenicol (20%), and ciprofloxacin (5%). All isolates were susceptible to imipenem, ertapenem, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and ceftazidime+clavulanic acid. All sixty isolates did not express the resistance genes IMP, VIM, NDM, DHA, blaOXA48, and qnrA. On the other hand, they expressed GES (85%), qnrB (75%), Fox M (70%), SHV (60%), CITM (20%), KPC (15%), FOX (10%), MOXM (5%), and qnrS (5%). All S. Gallinarum isolates formed biofilm and expressed sdiA gene.Conclusion: Considering that the presence of this bacteria is equal to the death penalty to the herd, the distribution of resistance genes could be a critical alarm for pathogen monitoring programs in the region. This study showed a positive correlation between biofilm formation and 50% of tested resistance genes. Also, it was found that the most common circulating S. gallinarum biovars are multidrug-resistant.","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 5","pages":"631-641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628085/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13869","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives: Antibiotic resistance is an indicator of the passively acquired and circulating resistance genes. Salmonella Gallinarum significantly affects the poultry food industry. The present study is the first study of the S. Gallinarum biofilm in Iran, which is focused on the characterization of the S. Gallinarum serovars and their acquired antibiotic resistance genes circulating in poultry fields in central and northwestern Iran.

Materials and methods: Sixty isolates of S. Gallinarum serovar were collected from feces of live poultry. The bacteria were isolated using biochemical tests and confirmed by Multiplex PCR. Biofilm formation ability and the antibacterial resistance were evaluated using both phenotypic and genotypic methods. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: According to Multiplex PCR for ratA, SteB, and rhs genes, all 60 S. Gallinarum serovars were Gallinarum biovars. In our study, the antibiotic resistance rate among isolated strains was as follows: Penicillin (100%), nitrofurantoin (80%), nalidixic acid (45%), cefoxitin (35%), neomycin sulfate (30%), chloramphenicol (20%), and ciprofloxacin (5%). All isolates were susceptible to imipenem, ertapenem, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and ceftazidime+clavulanic acid. All sixty isolates did not express the resistance genes IMP, VIM, NDM, DHA, bla_OXA48, and qnrA. On the other hand, they expressed GES (85%), qnrB (75%), Fox M (70%), SHV (60%), CITM (20%), KPC (15%), FOX (10%), MOXM (5%), and qnrS (5%). All S. Gallinarum isolates formed biofilm and expressed sdiA gene.

Conclusion: Considering that the presence of this bacteria is equal to the death penalty to the herd, the distribution of resistance genes could be a critical alarm for pathogen monitoring programs in the region. This study showed a positive correlation between biofilm formation and 50% of tested resistance genes. Also, it was found that the most common circulating S. gallinarum biovars are multidrug-resistant.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

Gallinarum沙门氏菌抗生素耐药性和生物膜形成的高患病率。

背景和目的：抗生素耐药性是被动获得和循环耐药基因的一个指标。Gallinarum沙门氏菌严重影响家禽食品工业。本研究是伊朗首次对Gallinarum生物膜进行研究，重点研究了在伊朗中部和西北部家禽场中循环的Gallinarums血清型及其获得的抗生素抗性基因的特征。利用生化测试分离细菌，并通过多重PCR进行确认。采用表型和基因型方法评估生物膜形成能力和抗菌耐药性。使用SPSS软件对数据进行分析。结果：通过对ratA、SteB和rhs基因的多重PCR检测，60个Gallinarum血清型均为Gallinarums生物型。在我们的研究中，分离菌株的抗生素耐药性率如下：青霉素（100%）、呋喃妥因（80%）、萘啶酸（45%）、头孢西丁（35%）、硫酸新霉素（30%）、氯霉素（20%）和环丙沙星（5%）。所有分离株均对亚胺培南、厄他培南、头孢曲松、头孢他啶和头孢他啶+克拉维酸敏感。所有60个分离株均不表达抗性基因IMP、VIM、NDM、DHA、blaOXA48和qnrA。另一方面，它们表达GES（85%）、qnrB（75%）、Fox M（70%）、SHV（60%）、CITM（20%）、KPC（15%）、Fox（10%）、MOXM（5%）和qnrS（5%）。所有Gallinarum分离株均形成生物膜并表达sdiA基因。结论：考虑到这种细菌的存在相当于对牛群的死刑，抗性基因的分布可能是该地区病原体监测计划的关键警报。这项研究表明，生物膜的形成与50%的抗性基因呈正相关。此外，研究发现，最常见的循环鸡毒副作用是多重耐药性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Iranian Journal of Microbiology MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Iranian Journal of Microbiology (IJM) is an international, multi-disciplinary, peer-reviewed journal that provides rapid publication of the most advanced scientific research in the areas of basic and applied research on bacteria and other micro-organisms, including bacteria, viruses, yeasts, fungi, microalgae, and protozoa concerning the development of tools for diagnosis and disease control, epidemiology, antimicrobial agents, clinical microbiology, immunology, Genetics, Genomics and Molecular Biology. Contributions may be in the form of original research papers, review articles, short communications, case reports, technical reports, and letters to the Editor. Research findings must be novel and the original data must be available for review by the Editors, if necessary. Studies that are preliminary, of weak originality or merely descriptive as well as negative results are not appropriate for the journal. Papers considered for publication must be unpublished work (except in an abstract form) that is not under consideration for publication anywhere else, and all co-authors should have agreed to the submission. Manuscripts should be written in English.