Cholesterol-rich dietary pattern during early pregnancy and genetic variations of cholesterol metabolism genes in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study

IF 6.5 1区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.017

Ningning Cui , Yan Li , Shanshan Huang , Yanyan Ge , Shu Guo , Le Tan , Liping Hao , Gang Lei , Xuejun Shang , Guoping Xiong , Xuefeng Yang

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background

Higher dietary cholesterol intake during pregnancy increases risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, no studies have investigated interindividual variability in cholesterol metabolism and the association of genetics and diet on GDM.

Objective

; To prospectively evaluate the joint association of cholesterol-rich dietary patterns and polymorphisms of genes coding for cholesterol metabolism pathway proteins with GDM.

Methods

A total of 1116 pregnant females from the Tongji Birth Cohort were enrolled. GDM was diagnosed according to a 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 wk of gestation. Dietary data were collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. The reduced-rank regression method was used to identify dietary patterns using dietary cholesterol as the response variable. Time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for genotyping. The genetic risk score (GRS) for GDM was constructed with genetic variants in 28 cholesterol metabolism-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratio (OR) for GDM.

Results

The cholesterol-rich dietary pattern was rich in livestock and poultry meat and eggs but lower in cereals. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for GDM were 1.24 (95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.44) per SD increment of cholesterol-rich pattern scores and 1.28 (1.09-1.49) per tertile GRS. The variants of the CYP7A1 rs3808607 G→T/rs8192871 G→A/rs7833904 A→T, as well as AGGG and TTGA haplotypes of 4 CYP7A1-spanning SNPs, were significantly associated with GDM. For the joint effect, the OR was 3.53 (1.71-7.31) in the highest categories of both dietary pattern scores and GRS compared with individuals with the lowest strata without significant interaction (P for interaction = 0.101).

Conclusions

Both a cholesterol-rich dietary pattern and genetic variants of cholesterol metabolism genes are associated with risk of GDM. Adherence to a cholesterol-rich dietary pattern during early pregnancy promotes the chance of GDM, especially in women with higher GRS.

Clinical Trial Registry

This trial was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (Registration number: ChiCTR1800016908).

URL

=https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=28081

查看原文本刊更多论文

妊娠早期富含胆固醇的饮食模式和胆固醇代谢基因的遗传变异预测妊娠期糖尿病：一项嵌套病例对照研究。

背景：妊娠期较高的胆固醇摄入量会增加患妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的风险。然而，没有研究调查胆固醇代谢的个体间变异性以及遗传和饮食与GDM的关系。目标：；前瞻性评估富含胆固醇的饮食模式和胆固醇代谢途径蛋白编码基因多态性与GDM的联合相关性。方法：从同济出生队列中选择1116名孕妇。妊娠24-28周时，根据75克2小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验诊断为GDM。饮食数据是通过一份经过验证的食物频率问卷收集的。使用降秩回归方法以膳食胆固醇为反应变量来确定饮食模式。飞行时间质谱用于基因分型。GDM的遗传风险评分（GRS）是用28个胆固醇代谢相关单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）的遗传变异构建的。条件逻辑回归模型用于评估GDM的优势比（OR）。结果：高胆固醇饮食模式在畜禽肉和蛋中含量较高，但在谷物中含量较低。GDM的多变量校正ORs为每增加一个富含胆固醇模式得分的SD为1.24（95%置信区间：1.06-1.44），每增加三分位数GRS为1.28（1.09-1.49）。CYP7A1 rs3808607G的变体→T/rs8192871 G→A/rs7833904 A→T、以及4个CYP7A1跨代SNPs的AGGG和TTGA单倍型与GDM显著相关。对于联合效应，与没有显著交互作用的最低阶层的个体相比，饮食模式得分和GRS最高类别的OR为3.53（1.71-7.31）（交互作用P=0.101）。结论：富含胆固醇的饮食模式和胆固醇代谢基因的遗传变异都与GDM的风险相关。妊娠早期坚持富含胆固醇的饮食模式会增加GDM的几率，尤其是GRS较高的女性。临床试验注册：本试验注册于http://www.chictr.org.cn（注册号：ChiCTR1800016908）。网址：=https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=28081.

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来源期刊

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

12.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

332

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is recognized as the most highly rated peer-reviewed, primary research journal in nutrition and dietetics.It focuses on publishing the latest research on various topics in nutrition, including but not limited to obesity, vitamins and minerals, nutrition and disease, and energy metabolism. Purpose: The purpose of AJCN is to: Publish original research studies relevant to human and clinical nutrition. Consider well-controlled clinical studies describing scientific mechanisms, efficacy, and safety of dietary interventions in the context of disease prevention or health benefits. Encourage public health and epidemiologic studies relevant to human nutrition. Promote innovative investigations of nutritional questions employing epigenetic, genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches. Include solicited editorials, book reviews, solicited or unsolicited review articles, invited controversy position papers, and letters to the Editor related to prior AJCN articles. Peer Review Process: All submitted material with scientific content undergoes peer review by the Editors or their designees before acceptance for publication.