Cognitive load enhances patience rather than impulsivity.

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI:10.3758/s13423-023-02403-1

Tao Jiang, Junyi Dai

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Abstract

Previous studies on the impact of cognitive load on time preference has led to conflicting results. However, these studies either failed to consider response randomness while analyzing behavioral data or involved a defective control level for a clear conclusion regarding the impacts of cognitive load. With two experiments using an adaptive approach to generating appropriate individual-specific stimuli and an additional, preregistered partial replication study, the current research provided consistent evidence that imposing cognitive load with a 2-back auditory memory task would produce simultaneously more patient and more random intertemporal choices. The finding of changed time preference was at odds with the dual-process account thereof but provided clear support for the role of reduced time sensitivity in intertemporal choices under cognitive load. Results of relevant model comparison did not support an account built upon more usage of heuristic strategies under cognitive load, either. Future research could examine boundary conditions for the dual-process and time-sensitivity accounts of time preference such as task features and individual characteristics that moderate the impact of cognitive load on time preference.

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认知负荷能增强耐心而不是冲动。

先前关于认知负荷对时间偏好影响的研究导致了相互矛盾的结果。然而，这些研究在分析行为数据时要么没有考虑到反应的随机性，要么涉及有缺陷的控制水平，以获得关于认知负荷影响的明确结论。通过两项使用自适应方法产生适当的个体特异性刺激的实验和一项额外的、预先注册的部分复制研究，目前的研究提供了一致的证据，证明用双背听觉记忆任务施加认知负荷会同时产生更耐心、更随机的跨期选择。时间偏好变化的发现与其双重过程的解释不一致，但为认知负荷下跨期选择中时间敏感性降低的作用提供了明确的支持。相关模型比较的结果也不支持在认知负荷下更多地使用启发式策略的说法。未来的研究可以检验时间偏好的双重过程和时间敏感性解释的边界条件，如调节认知负荷对时间偏好影响的任务特征和个人特征。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Multiple-

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.90%

发文量

165

期刊介绍： The journal provides coverage spanning a broad spectrum of topics in all areas of experimental psychology. The journal is primarily dedicated to the publication of theory and review articles and brief reports of outstanding experimental work. Areas of coverage include cognitive psychology broadly construed, including but not limited to action, perception, & attention, language, learning & memory, reasoning & decision making, and social cognition. We welcome submissions that approach these issues from a variety of perspectives such as behavioral measurements, comparative psychology, development, evolutionary psychology, genetics, neuroscience, and quantitative/computational modeling. We particularly encourage integrative research that crosses traditional content and methodological boundaries.