Fluctuations in Sustained Attention Explain Moment-to-Moment Shifts in Children's Memory Formation.

IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI:10.1177/09567976231206767
Alexandra L Decker, Katherine Duncan, Amy S Finn
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Why do children's memories often differ from adults' after the same experience? Whereas prior work has focused on children's immature memory mechanisms to answer this question, here we focus on the costs of attentional lapses for learning. We track sustained attention and memory formation across time in 7- to 10-year-old children and adults (n = 120) to show that sustained attention causally shapes the fate of children's individual memories. Moreover, children's attention lapsed twice as frequently as adults', and attention fluctuated with memory formation more closely in children than adults. In addition, although attentional lapses impaired memory for expected events in both children and adults, they impaired memory for unexpected events in children only. Our work reveals that sustained attention is an important cognitive factor that controls access to children's long-term memory stores. Our work also raises the possibility that developmental differences in cognitive performance stem from developmental shifts in the ability to sustain attention.

持续注意力的波动解释了儿童记忆形成的瞬间变化。
为什么在经历了同样的经历后,孩子的记忆往往与成年人不同?尽管之前的工作主要关注儿童不成熟的记忆机制来回答这个问题,但在这里,我们关注的是学习中注意力失误的代价。我们跟踪了7至10岁儿童和成人(n=120)的持续注意力和记忆形成情况,以表明持续注意力对儿童个人记忆的命运有因果影响。此外,儿童的注意力衰退频率是成年人的两倍,而且儿童的注意力随着记忆形成的波动比成年人更密切。此外,尽管注意失误会损害儿童和成人对预期事件的记忆,但仅会损害儿童对意外事件的记忆。我们的研究表明,持续的注意力是控制儿童长期记忆存储的一个重要认知因素。我们的研究还提出了一种可能性,即认知表现的发展差异源于维持注意力能力的发展变化。
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来源期刊
Psychological Science
Psychological Science PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
156
期刊介绍: Psychological Science, the flagship journal of The Association for Psychological Science (previously the American Psychological Society), is a leading publication in the field with a citation ranking/impact factor among the top ten worldwide. It publishes authoritative articles covering various domains of psychological science, including brain and behavior, clinical science, cognition, learning and memory, social psychology, and developmental psychology. In addition to full-length articles, the journal features summaries of new research developments and discussions on psychological issues in government and public affairs. "Psychological Science" is published twelve times annually.
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