Parsing memory and nonmemory contributions to age-related declines in mnemonic discrimination performance: a hierarchical Bayesian diffusion decision modeling approach.

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Print Date: 2023-11-01 DOI:10.1101/lm.053838.123

Caroline Chwiesko, John Janecek, Stephanie Doering, Martina Hollearn, Liv McMillan, Joachim Vandekerckhove, Michael D Lee, Roger Ratcliff, Michael A Yassa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The mnemonic discrimination task (MDT) is a widely used cognitive assessment tool. Performance in this task is believed to indicate an age-related deficit in episodic memory stemming from a decreased ability to pattern-separate among similar experiences. However, cognitive processes other than memory ability might impact task performance. In this study, we investigated whether nonmnemonic decision-making processes contribute to the age-related deficit in the MDT. We applied a hierarchical Bayesian version of the Ratcliff diffusion model to the MDT performance of 26 younger and 31 cognitively normal older adults. It allowed us to decompose decision behavior in the MDT into different underlying cognitive processes, represented by specific model parameters. Model parameters were compared between groups, and differences were evaluated using the Bayes factor. Our results suggest that the age-related decline in MDT performance indicates a predominantly mnemonic deficit rather than differences in nonmnemonic decision-making processes. In addition, this mnemonic deficit might also involve a slowing in processes related to encoding and retrieval strategies, which are relevant for successful memory as well. These findings help to better understand what cognitive processes contribute to the age-related decline in MDT performance and may help to improve the diagnostic value of this popular task.

查看原文本刊更多论文

解析记忆和非记忆对记忆辨别性能与年龄相关的下降的贡献：一种分层贝叶斯扩散决策建模方法。

助记符辨别任务（MDT）是一种广泛使用的认知评估工具。这项任务的表现被认为表明，与年龄相关的情景记忆缺陷源于相似经历中模式分离能力的下降。然而，记忆能力以外的认知过程可能会影响任务表现。在这项研究中，我们调查了非单调决策过程是否会导致MDT中与年龄相关的缺陷。我们将Ratcliff扩散模型的分层贝叶斯版本应用于26名年轻人和31名认知正常的老年人的MDT表现。它使我们能够将MDT中的决策行为分解为不同的底层认知过程，由特定的模型参数表示。比较各组之间的模型参数，并使用贝叶斯因子评估差异。我们的研究结果表明，与年龄相关的MDT表现下降表明，在非记忆决策过程中，记忆缺陷占主导地位，而不是差异。此外，这种助记符缺陷还可能涉及与编码和检索策略相关的过程的减慢，这也与成功的记忆有关。这些发现有助于更好地了解是什么认知过程导致了与年龄相关的MDT表现下降，并可能有助于提高这项流行任务的诊断价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Learning & memory 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The neurobiology of learning and memory is entering a new interdisciplinary era. Advances in neuropsychology have identified regions of brain tissue that are critical for certain types of function. Electrophysiological techniques have revealed behavioral correlates of neuronal activity. Studies of synaptic plasticity suggest that some mechanisms of memory formation may resemble those of neural development. And molecular approaches have identified genes with patterns of expression that influence behavior. It is clear that future progress depends on interdisciplinary investigations. The current literature of learning and memory is large but fragmented. Until now, there has been no single journal devoted to this area of study and no dominant journal that demands attention by serious workers in the area, regardless of specialty. Learning & Memory provides a forum for these investigations in the form of research papers and review articles.