Trend of pediatric leprosy in an endemic area in Northeast of Brazil, 2008-2018.

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-31 DOI:10.1016/j.eimce.2023.06.009

Maria Eugênia Farias Gama, Aline de Paula Caetano Pereira

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Abstract

Background: The incidence of leprosy in children is an important indicator of the disease's tendency in the general population and suggests intense circulation and transmission of Mycobacterium leprae.

Objectives: To describe the clinical, epidemiological characteristics and temporal dynamics of leprosy cases in children under 15 years of age from 2008 to 2018 in an endemic municipality.

Methods: A descriptive study with an analytical approach was carried out with data from leprosy cases registered in the Brazilian Information System on Notifiable Diseases for the municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Results: Between 2008 and 2018, 112 new cases of leprosy were registered. Most cases were classified as paucibacillary leprosy and occurred in children living in urban areas. There was no significant difference in the incidence of leprosy during the study period. Only 4.5% of the sample presented reactional episodes, but a high number of cases were not evaluated for the occurrence of reactions.

Conclusions: The findings of this study show a high incidence of paucibacillary leprosy in children and adolescents, which reveals active transmission in the community and failures in the detection of new multibacillary cases among adults. Children between 10 and 14 years old are more vulnerable to M. leprae infection and mainly develop paucibacillary leprosy.

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2008-2018年巴西东北部一个流行地区的儿童麻风病趋势。

背景：麻风病在儿童中的发病率是该疾病在普通人群中趋势的一个重要指标，并表明麻风分枝杆菌的强烈循环和传播。目的：描述2008年至2018年某地方病流行城市15岁以下儿童麻风病例的临床、流行病学特征和时间动态。方法：使用巴西伯南布哥Cabo de Santo Agostinho市法定疾病信息系统中登记的麻风病病例数据，采用分析方法进行描述性研究。结果：2008年至2018年间，登记了112例新麻风病。大多数病例被归类为少杆菌性麻风病，发生在城市地区的儿童中。在研究期间，麻风病的发病率没有显著差异。只有4.5%的样本出现反应性发作，但大量病例没有评估反应的发生。结论：这项研究的结果表明，儿童和青少年中少菌型麻风病的发病率很高，这表明在社区中传播活跃，在成年人中未能发现新的多菌型病例。10至14岁的儿童更容易感染麻风分枝杆菌，主要发展为少杆菌型麻风。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

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