Criteria for Diagnosis and Molecular Monitoring of NPM1-Mutated AML.

IF 11.5 Q1 HEMATOLOGY
Brunangelo Falini, Richard Dillon
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents the largest molecular subgroup of adult AML. NPM1-mutated AML is recognizable by molecular techniques and immunohistochemistry, which, when combined, can solve difficult diagnostic problems (including identification of myeloid sarcoma and NPM1 mutations outside exon 12). According to updated 2022 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) guidelines, determining the mutational status of NPM1 (and FLT3) is a mandatory step for the genetic-based risk stratification of AML. Monitoring of measurable residual disease (MRD) by qRT-PCR, combined with ELN risk stratification, can guide therapeutic decisions at the post-remission stage. Here, we review the criteria for appropriate diagnosis and molecular monitoring of NPM1-mutated AML.

Significance: NPM1-mutated AML represents a distinct entity in the 2022 International Consensus Classification and 5th edition of World Health Organization classifications of myeloid neoplasms. The correct diagnosis of NPM1-mutated AML and its distinction from other AML entities is extremely important because it has clinical implications for the management of AML patients, such as genetic-based risk stratification according to 2022 ELN. Monitoring of MRD by qRT-PCR, combined with ELN risk stratification, can guide therapeutic decisions at the post-remission stage, e.g., whether or not to perform allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

NPM1突变AML的诊断和分子监测标准。
NPM1突变的急性髓细胞白血病(AML)是成人AML最大的分子亚群。NPM1突变的AML可通过分子技术和免疫组织化学识别,当结合使用时,可以解决诊断难题(包括骨髓肉瘤和外显子12外的NPM1突变)。根据2022年欧洲白血病网(ELN),确定NPM1(和FLT3)的突变状态是AML基于遗传的风险分层的强制性步骤。通过RT-qPCR监测MRD,结合ELN风险分层,可以指导缓解后阶段的治疗决策。在此,我们回顾了NPM1突变AML的适当诊断和分子监测标准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
1.80%
发文量
139
期刊介绍: The journal Blood Cancer Discovery publishes high-quality Research Articles and Briefs that focus on major advances in basic, translational, and clinical research of leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, and associated diseases. The topics covered include molecular and cellular features of pathogenesis, therapy response and relapse, transcriptional circuits, stem cells, differentiation, microenvironment, metabolism, immunity, mutagenesis, and clonal evolution. These subjects are investigated in both animal disease models and high-dimensional clinical data landscapes. The journal also welcomes submissions on new pharmacological, biological, and living cell therapies, as well as new diagnostic tools. They are interested in prognostic, diagnostic, and pharmacodynamic biomarkers, and computational and machine learning approaches to personalized medicine. The scope of submissions ranges from preclinical proof of concept to clinical trials and real-world evidence. Blood Cancer Discovery serves as a forum for diverse ideas that shape future research directions in hematooncology. In addition to Research Articles and Briefs, the journal also publishes Reviews, Perspectives, and Commentaries on topics of broad interest in the field.
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