Intergenerational transmission of ADHD behaviors: genetic and environmental pathways.

IF 5.9 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Psychological Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-03 DOI:10.1017/S003329172300315X

Thomas H Kleppesto, Espen Moen Eilertsen, Elsje van Bergen, Hans Fredrik Sunde, Brendan Zietsch, Magnus Nordmo, Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal, Alexandra Havdahl, Eivind Ystrom, Fartein Ask Torvik

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: We investigate if covariation between parental and child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors can be explained by environmental and/or genetic transmission.

Methods: We employed a large children-of-twins-and-siblings sample (N = 22 276 parents and 11 566 8-year-old children) of the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. This enabled us to disentangle intergenerational influences via parental genes and parental behaviors (i.e. genetic and environmental transmission, respectively). Fathers reported on their own symptoms and mothers on their own and their child's symptoms.

Results: Child ADHD behaviors correlated with their mother's (0.24) and father's (0.10) ADHD behaviors. These correlations were largely due to additive genetic transmission. Variation in children's ADHD behaviors was explained by genetic factors active in both generations (11%) and genetic factors specific to the children (46%), giving a total heritability of 57%. There were small effects of parental ADHD behaviors (2% environmental transmission) and gene-environment correlation (3%). The remaining variability in ADHD behaviors was due to individual-specific environmental factors.

Conclusions: The intergenerational resemblance of ADHD behaviors is primarily due to genetic transmission, with little evidence for parental ADHD behaviors causing children's ADHD behaviors. This contradicts theories proposing environmental explanations of intergenerational transmission of ADHD, such as parenting theories or psychological life-history theory.

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多动症行为的代际传播：遗传和环境途径。

背景：我们研究了父母和儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）行为之间的协变量是否可以通过环境和/或基因传播来解释。方法：我们采用了挪威母亲、父亲和儿童队列研究的大量双胞胎和兄弟姐妹子女样本（N=22276名父母和11566名8岁儿童）。这使我们能够通过父母基因和父母行为（即遗传和环境传播）来理清代际影响。父亲报告自己的症状，母亲报告自己和孩子的症状。结果：儿童多动症行为与母亲（0.24）和父亲（0.10）的多动症行为相关。这些相关性主要是由于加性遗传传递。儿童多动症行为的变化由两代人中活跃的遗传因素（11%）和儿童特有的遗传因素解释（46%），总遗传率为57%。父母多动症行为（2%的环境传播）和基因-环境相关性（3%）的影响较小。ADHD行为的其余变异性是由于个体特定的环境因素造成的。结论：多动症行为的代际相似性主要是由于基因传递，很少有证据表明父母的多动症行为会导致儿童的多动症。这与提出多动症代际传播的环境解释的理论相矛盾，如育儿理论或心理生活史理论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychological Medicine 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

11.30

自引率

4.30%

发文量

711

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Now in its fifth decade of publication, Psychological Medicine is a leading international journal in the fields of psychiatry, related aspects of psychology and basic sciences. From 2014, there are 16 issues a year, each featuring original articles reporting key research being undertaken worldwide, together with shorter editorials by distinguished scholars and an important book review section. The journal''s success is clearly demonstrated by a consistently high impact factor.