Us versus them: The role of national identity in the formation of false memories for fake news.

IF 2.7 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI:10.1037/xap0000498

Treasa Delaney, Laura Castillo, Maximillian A Friehs, Benjamin Buttlar, Ciara M Greene

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

People are prone to forming false memories for fictitious events described in fake news stories. In this preregistered study, we hypothesized that the formation of false memories may be promoted when the fake news includes stereotypes that reflect positively on one's own nationality or negatively on another nationality. We exposed German and Irish participants (N = 1,184) to fabricated news stories that were consistent with positive or negative stereotypes about Germany and Ireland. The predicted three-way interaction was not observed. Exploratory follow-up analyses revealed the expected pattern of results for German participants but not for Irish participants, who were more likely to remember positive stories and stories about Ireland. Individual differences in patriotism did not significantly affect false memory rates; however, higher levels of cognitive ability and analytical reasoning decreased false memories and increased participants' ability to distinguish between true and false news stories. These results demonstrate that stereotypical information pertaining to national identity can influence the formation of false memories for fake news, but variations in cultural context may affect how misinformation is received and processed. We conclude by urging researchers to consider the sociopolitical and media landscape when predicting the consequences of fake news exposure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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我们与他们：国家身份在假新闻虚假记忆形成中的作用。

人们容易对假新闻中描述的虚构事件形成虚假记忆。在这项预先注册的研究中，我们假设，当假新闻包括对自己国籍有正面影响或对另一国籍有负面影响的刻板印象时，虚假记忆的形成可能会被促进。我们让德国和爱尔兰的参与者（N=1184）接触捏造的新闻故事，这些故事与对德国和爱尔兰正面或负面的刻板印象一致。未观察到预测的三方相互作用。探索性后续分析揭示了德国参与者的预期结果模式，但爱尔兰参与者没有，他们更有可能记住关于爱尔兰的积极故事和故事。爱国主义的个体差异对错误记忆率没有显著影响；然而，更高水平的认知能力和分析推理减少了错误记忆，提高了参与者区分真实和虚假新闻故事的能力。这些结果表明，与国家身份有关的刻板信息会影响假新闻虚假记忆的形成，但文化背景的变化可能会影响错误信息的接收和处理方式。最后，我们敦促研究人员在预测假新闻曝光的后果时考虑社会政治和媒体环境。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.80%

发文量

110

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied® is to publish original empirical investigations in experimental psychology that bridge practically oriented problems and psychological theory. The journal also publishes research aimed at developing and testing of models of cognitive processing or behavior in applied situations, including laboratory and field settings. Occasionally, review articles are considered for publication if they contribute significantly to important topics within applied experimental psychology. Areas of interest include applications of perception, attention, memory, decision making, reasoning, information processing, problem solving, learning, and skill acquisition.